present and the past, the distant future and the dawn shimmering shadows of bygone centuries - it can only be described in one word - istoriya.Eta science emerged as the only man learned to write, read and count, when people came to the top of their evolutionary status.History can not only see the past through the prism of time, shrouded in mystery, but also to predict some future events.At its core, the story is not a single science.For a clear idea of the past, in order to know the life, the fabric of society, the political system, the architecture and culture of bygone times, of the stories includes a whole array of other sciences, each of which has its own importance.All these sciences are helping to collect small pieces of the whole picture of the distant past.
What is diplomatics?
Modern scientists are increasingly trying to understand and see the history of bygone years.But in the course of a long study of people we were able to see and describe almost all historical events in general.Thus it was possible to create a kind of "historical tree", the facts of which are known to all those who graduated from high school.But the very
"tree" is not truth in its purest form, so scientists of the XXI century are increasingly engaged in micro-history re-creation, which will help to see exactly what it once was.During the creation of this category, people learn almost everything: life, culture, architecture, law and so on. N. But the greatest importance are documents of the time, with the status of law.It follows that diplomatics - this is a historical science that studies the historical documents or acts, as they are often called.The documents include not only domestic legislative acts, but also international treaties.Many believe that diplomatics is auxiliary discipline, although it is fundamentally wrong, because it has its functions, tasks, subject and methods.Therefore, it is impossible to talk about the supportive role of the science, as diplomatics - a kind of boundary between common history and microhistory.
Types of documents studied diplomatics
Diplomatique as a special historical discipline studies, not all the documents, but only those who have a unique historical value, and they, in turn, is very little.Their characteristics allow several main groups, namely:
1. Legal acts first appeared when people learned to read and write, as well as moved from the slave to the communal system.This led to the creation of a complex mechanism, the purpose of which was the control.Relying only on brute force was impossible, so people began to use special instruments to control each other in the middle of the state.The first group included various acts of domestic authorities.Therefore diplomatics - the science that studies the acts of the authorities of a particular state.
2. The second group includes international instruments, the purpose of which was to establish certain relationships between states, such as diplomatic or trade.
3. The third group includes domestic acts, but there is one zamechanie.Esli in the first group were the acts of the legislature, the second are legal acts that have implemented vnutriderzhavnuyu policy.
subject of science diplomatics
diplomatics What does it mean?To answer this question, we should examine in detail the subject of this science.Subject Diplomatique - a historic legal acts that are of particular value.With their help, you can find those relationships (domestic or vneshnegosudarstvennye) that were relevant at the time of the adoption of the act.Thus, the subject Diplomatique - a unique framework in which the object of her study - state-legal relations contained in the legal acts.As part of the subject studied historical events that came before and after the adoption of the act, as well as the structure of the document.
methodology Diplomatique
No science can not exist without a range of special methods which it uses to study their subject.Diplomatique in this sense, is no exception.Only one meaning of the word "diplomatics" (from fr. - Letter, document) makes it possible to understand the methodological basis of science.
main method Diplomatique is a historical-legal method.Its essence is that it examines the legal nature of the act itself and helps to see the historical and political situation, which was accompanied by the adoption of the document.The methodological framework can help not only in the process of studying the document, but it will also answer the question of what is diplomatics.Because in the course of its application takes full knowledge of the specific situation, to eliminate or creation of which was issued by a legal act.
Diplomatique: science and academic discipline
Such scientific category as diplomatics, can be viewed in two different dimensions: as a science and as an academic discipline.Science diplomatics bears practical significance for scholars engaged in scientific research of historical documents.That science affects the process of knowledge of legal acts by people of different ages.Also in the field of science is the process of creating theories and concepts to enable as efficient as possible to implement all the methodological basis Diplomatique.
As an academic discipline, diplomatics - a "school" that prepares these professionals in the field of research on the ancient texts.It is through this discipline in special education are trained highly qualified specialists in their field.
Conclusion In conclusion, I must say that diplomatics is an important science around the array of historical disciplines.It helps a lot to see in more detail the distant past, through the study of the legal acts of various powers.
