To date, the practical application found almost everything known to man metals and their alloys.Each of them has its own specific characteristics, which determine the scope of their use in various industries.The most widely used iron and all kinds of connections based on it, as well as aluminum and its alloys.This can be explained, first of all, large natural reserves, as well as excellent chemical, physical and mechanical characteristics.
little history
According to ancient legend, described in his treatise "Natural History" Gaius Pliny the Elder compiled about 77 AD, once the emperor of Rome Tiberius stranger approached the master and made him a gift of a bowl of silverand very light metal.When Tiberius asked him, from which he did it, he said that out of clay.Astonished, the emperor ordered to kill the innocent and destroy the artisan his workshop to the invention did not lead to a depreciation of metals of the Roman treasury.It is a pity that at that time he was not able to assess the prospects of opening of all, because aluminum and its alloys in the future have made downright real breakthrough.
Why aluminum and its alloys are so popular?
aluminum content in the earth's crust is about 8.8%, and so he leads the list of the most common metals.Among its advantages include low density (2.7 g / cm3), a great corrosion resistance, processability, good electrical and thermal conductivity, relatively high strength characteristics.Aluminium and its alloys are widely used in aviation, shipbuilding, railways, automotive, construction, chemical and petroleum industries, etc.Aluminium alloys characterized by ductility, malleability, high speed processing.All this provides an excellent opportunity to use them in almost any kind of production.
Basic-based alloys
Combining aluminum with alloying additions, can achieve greater strength and improve other properties of the metal.The additives usually used silicon, copper, manganese, zinc and magnesium.Consider the basic alloys.
duralumin (duralumin, or just duralumin)
name of this compound is derived from the word Duren - that was the name of a German city, which in 1911.We started to produce the alloy in an industrial scale.Prepared its addition to aluminum copper (2.2 - 5.2%), magnesium (0.2 - 2.7%) and manganese (0.2 - 0.1%).After heat treatment, the metal becomes very strong (static strength is 450-500 MPa).In order to improve the corrosion resistance, it is often clad aluminum.Used as a structural material in the transport and aeronautical engineering.
magnaly
This is a different aluminum alloys with magnesium and other elements (magnesium content - 1-13%).They are characterized by high ductility, good weldability and corrosion resistance.Used for the manufacture of shaped castings, wire, sheet, rivets etc.
Silumin
This compound was prepared by combining aluminum-silicon (silicon content - 4-13%).Sometimes it is added, and other additives: Be, Ti, Zn, Mg, Mn, Cu.This alloy is used for the production of parts with complex structures, primarily in the aviation and automotive engineering.
Aluminium and its alloys will long serve for the benefit of mankind.Proof of this new invention - foam aluminum or, as it is called "metal foam".Many experts believe that the porous aluminum have excellent prospects.
