language family - is the term used for the classification of peoples by language.The family of languages includes languages that have kinship with each other.
Family relationship manifests itself in the similarity of the sound of words denoting the same thing, as well as the similarity of elements such as morpheme, grammatical forms.
monogenesis According to the theory, the language families of the world formed from the parent language, spoken by the ancient people.The separation was due to the predominance of the nomadic lifestyle of tribes and their distance from each other.
Language families are divided as follows.
| name language family | Languages belonging to the family | regions spread |
| Indo-European | Hindi | India, Nepal, Bangladesh, Pakistan, Fiji |
| Urdu | India, Pakistan | |
| Russian | countries of the former Soviet Union and Eastern Europe | |
| English | US, UK, Europe, Canada,South America, Africa, Australia | |
| German | Germany, Austria, Liechtenstein, Switzerland, Belgium, Luxembourg, Italy | |
| French | France, Tunisia, Monaco, Canada, AlgeriaSwitzerland, Belgium, Luxembourg | |
| Portuguese | Portugal, Angola, Mozambique, Brazil, Macao | |
| Bengal | Bengal, India, Bangladesh | |
| Altai | Tatar | Tatarstan, Russia, Ukraine |
| Mongolian | Mongolia, China | |
| Azerbaijan | Azerbaijan, Dagestan, Georgia, Iran, Iraq, Turkey,Central Asian countries | |
| Turkish | Turkey, Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Azerbaijan, Bulgaria, Romania, USA, France, Sweden | |
| Bashkir | Bashkorstan, Tatarstan, Urdmutiya, Russia. | |
| Kyrgyz | Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Kazakhstan, Afghanistan, China | |
| Ural | Hungarian | Hungary, Ukraine, Serbia, Romania, Slovakia, Croatia,Slovenia |
| Mordovia | Mordovia, Russia, Tatarstan, Bashkorstan | |
| Evenksky | Russia, China, Mongolia | |
| Finnish | Finland, Sweden,Norway, Karelia | |
| Karelian | Karelia, Finland | |
| Caucasian | Georgian | Georgia, Azerbaijan, Turkey, Iran |
| Abkhazian |
Abkhazia, Turkey, Russia, Syria, Iraq | |
| Chechen | Chechnya, Ingushetia, Georgia, Dagestan | |
| Sino-Tibetan | Chinese | China, Taiwan,Singapore |
| Thai | Thailand | |
| Lao | Laos, Thailand, | |
| Siam | Thailand | |
| Tibetan |
Tibet, China, India, Nepal, Bhutan, Pakistan | |
| Burmese | Myanmar (Burma) | |
| Asian-African | Arabic | Arab country, Iraq,Israel, Chad, Somalia, |
| Hebrew | ||
| Barbary | Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, Niger, Egypt, Mauritania |
From this table shows,Languages that one family could be distributed in different countries and continents of the world.The very notion of "language families" was introduced to facilitate the classification of languages and drawing up their family tree.The most common and numerous is the Indo-European family of languages.People who speak the languages of the Indo-European family, can be found in any hemisphere, in any part of the world, on any continent and in every country.There takizh languages that does not include any one language family.This dead languages and artificial.
If we talk about in Russia, here represented by a variety of language families.The country is inhabited by more than 150 people of various nationalities, who can be considered their native language from virtually every language family.Geographically distributed language family in Russia depending on which country bordering a particular region, what language is most common in the bordering regions of the country.
Some nationalities since ancient times occupied a certain territory.And at first glance it may seem strange that in this region is dominated by these language families and languages.But there is nothing strange in this.In ancient times it was attributed to the migration of people looking for new hunting grounds, new land for agriculture, and some tribes led a nomadic zhizni.Nemaluyu role and forced relocation of entire peoples in the Soviet era.The most fully represented in the Russian language from the Indo-European, the Urals, Altai and Caucasian families.Indo-European family occupies Western and Central Russia.The representatives of the Ural language family live mainly in the north-west of the country.North-east and southern regions predominantly occupied by Altai language groups.Caucasian languages are mainly represented in the territory lying between the Black and Caspian Seas.
