Synonyms, Paronyms, antonyms, homonyms - these words are familiar to all since high school, certainly causes difficulties in learning.The difficulty in remembering these terms, and their nature is not unique to students.As unnecessary use of confused is that there can and adults.Let's talk about homonyms.In the most general sense of the words that sound the same, ie have the same pronunciation.But not all so simple.Consider the concept of homonyms in more detail.
Speaking of homonyms in general, we can conclude that homonyms - these are words that have a completely different meaning, although identical in sound or spelling.But this does not end homonymy.Researchers have different understandings of homonyms because differences on the issue, what linguistic form.Some linguists regard it as extremely sound shell, while others include the concept of a language form and spelling.Therefore, there are different classifications of homonyms.
According to conventional wisdom, and classification, homonyms - is the common name for homographs, homophones and homonyms absolute.Homophones - words that read the same, or almost the same, but are spelled differently, that is, have a different graphic form with the same phonetic.English homonyms vividly illustrate.For example,
bear / bare.Although these words are pronounced the same but have different value - Bear / rock, stripping.
Read / red - read / Red - [red - red].
In contrast, homographs, in contrast, are spelled the same, and read in different ways.For example, even the form of the verb read in the present and past tense
read / read - [ri: d - red] may be homographs.
Homonymy English language does not only affect the parts of speech, but also morphemes, such as the end of a long time and -ing gerundive forms.
Absolute homonyms, in turn, different semantic meaning and part of speech affiliation.For example, three of the same word
match / match / match are as fit - fit, contest - competition, person - the right man, "the second half", a member of the team.
Words homonyms linguists are divided into full and partial.Full called homonyms, which are the same throughout the paradigm, in other words, they are the same in all forms of the word.Partial same can coincide only in certain forms of words.Citing Vinogradova, we can say that partial homonyms - is more a trait characteristic of the so-called inflectional languages (ie. E. For the language in which words are formed with the help of endings or inflections).But English is the linguistic phenomenon is also not uncommon.
There is another classification of homonyms.According to her isolated grammatical, lexical and lexical and grammatical forms of homonyms.Lexical homonyms differ in meaning, that is, lexical, grammatical though they are the same.For example,
- light / light physical phenomenon and the world;
- fighter / boxer breed dog and sportsman, boxing;
- knob / handle, door handle and the handle to the letter.
grammatical homonyms, although they have semantic (meaning) community are different parts of speech.For example, the English word
mere (n.) - A small lake, and a mere (adv.) - No more than just grammar are homonyms.
lexical and grammatical homonyms - words that match in spelling but different in sound and meaning.For example, then / then - adv.then TV.n. (who? what?) then (im. n. pot).
