time immemorial to ensure the protection of state secrets was paramount authority of any country.After all, almost all modern power there is information classified as "state secrets."This particular legal regime is essential if representatives of the state authorities are interested in ensuring stability and security in the country.But the protection of privacy of information provided not only by the introduction of a special legal regime.The primary role played by special bodies authorized for the protection of information of a certain level of privacy.
is also worth noting that this type of information is often necessary to use in the process of state activity.Given the development of information technology in the XXI century need to secure access to classified information, the process of exchange of information between specialized agencies, as well as to prevent the violation of legal secrecy when dealing with this kind of information.
Implementation representation of the function of the Russian Federation fully entrusted to a special body of executive power, which is called Courier Service.In this article we consider the features, structure and legal framework of the agency.
concept Courier Service
State Courier Service - a special executive body, whose main function is to provide communication by courier.In simple terms, this department ensures the transmission of classified documents between the authorized entities, which leads to another name department - special courier service.The term "courier" stands for "military or government courier."
In this case we are talking about the professional structure, which is entrusted with the implementation of long-term functions having national importance.Courier Service is among the few agencies, which are regulated directly by the President of the Russian Federation directly.It has a fairly long history that dates back to the beginning of XX century.
history Courier Service
Many Russian citizens are not aware of the existence of such agencies as Courier Service.What is it and what is the task of the service will help to understand the history of the department.The earliest courier divisions were created in Russia during the reign of Emperor Paul I. He created his decrees housing courier who was supposed to ensure the delivery of high-value securities, safe escort dignitaries.Thus, the case involved not only the protection of state secrets, but also the provision of services "personal security".A little later, in the XIX century, Courier Service originated in Germany.Modern courier division of Germany are based on the decree of 1956. As for Russia, the agency problem, as well as some of its features have been modified in the Soviet era.
Courier Service in the USSR
Courier Soviet divisions prepared since 1918.Despite the last revolution, the new government realized that without the organization of special transportation of classified information within the state simply can not achieve the desired objectives.Minister emphasized the importance of special interest to him by the authorities.
Already in 1939, the courier division were reorganized and separated.The special department of the NKVD appeared Courier Service, which is engaged in the delivery of the most important correspondence and documents.With regard to local authorities, who had republican status, delivery of them made by the People's Commissariat of Communications departments.Values and money transported and delivered to a collection service of the State Bank of the USSR.It follows that the courier service performs important tasks aimed at transporting secret documents and other public values.Already in the 1980s, the agency acquires the features of a modern courier service of the Russian Federation.
Federal Courier Service: the task today
We understand that in the XXI century Submission Service changed the scope of its activities.This is due to the transformation of the transmitted classified information, as well as by the principles of the courier.Today the State Courier Service performs a number of the following tasks:
- Mail delivery at all levels of secrecy.
- Mail delivery from heads of foreign countries, as well as official ambassadors (representatives) of these countries.
- Delivery of correspondence from representatives of international organizations.
- control and direct control bodies within the structure of the Courier Service of the Russian Federation.
presented list of functions is basic, but there are other, equally important tasks.It should be noted the fact that the delivery of the secret correspondence, not relating to the information from the heads and representatives of foreign powers, has a certain subject composition.In other words, courier delivery service is subject to the information that gives certain bodies.
bodies whose correspondence must be sent couriers
The bodies (services), the secret correspondence which always delivered couriers are:
- President of the Russian Federation;
- Prosecutor's Office;
- state authorities, federal authorities;
- administration of military and secret industrial facilities;
- Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation;
- Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation;
- Federal Security Service;
- Federal Security Service.
If at least one of these organs is one of the subjects in the transmission of classified information, the delivery is made State Courier Service.
Rights GFS
To perform the tasks the State Courier Service of the Russian Federation enjoys special rights.However, some features HPS significantly wider and longer than the other organs and services of the Russian Federation.This situation is due primarily to the fact that Courier Service of the Russian Federation, or rather its staff has direct contact with the secret information of different levels.Thus, the Service has the following rights:
- Deliver secret correspondence important state entities on the territory of the Russian Federation and abroad.
- Tote secret correspondence by all modes of transport without inspection and detention.
- Personnel of correspondence in transit are allowed to use any weapons, special means and physical force.
- Transport Courier Service is a "special".This means that it can not be used by other agencies for their own purposes without the consent of the GFS.
Thus, Courier Service has the status of a paramilitary organization of the Russian Federation, which leads to the exclusive right to use physical force, special means and firearms.
legal framework of
Like other special services of the Russian Federation, a division of the courier in his work builds on existing federal legislation.Undoubtedly, the key act that regulates not only the couriers, but the legal system of the state in general, is the Constitution of the Russian Federation.
This basic regulation powers regulates couriers so that they do not violate the rights and freedoms of man and citizen in the performance of their duties.Also, the legal framework for Courier Service form:
- Federal Law "On the federal courier communications."
- Regulation "On the State Courier Service."
These two documents make it possible to answer the question of an ordinary citizen, "Courier Service - what is it?»
In addition, his work GFS uses the decrees of the President of the Russian Federation, resolutions of the Government of the Russian Federation, other normative acts of the supreme bodies of state power, whichdirectly related to the activities of courier service.
structure Courier Service
For operational and quality performance of tasks structure Courier Service includes divisions of the central office, territorial bodies, departments in large cities.Each department Courier Service is located in the administrative centers of the Russian Federation, as well as the capitals of the Federation.Also, the structure of the HPS include subordinate organizations in which there are representatives of courier service that is necessary for rapid transportation of classified information.Direct contact with territorial authorities of other services has almost every department of the State Courier Service, as it is the smallest and the mobile unit of the entire structure of GFS.
Special Features GFS
There are special tasks that often carries Courier Service.What is it - «special task" is not specified in any legal source.Nevertheless, the analysis of the legislation are the following interesting features such as the delivery of confidential correspondence foreign heads of state.In carrying out this task there is a risk obtaining secret information by foreign secret services and terrorist organizations, so this feature can be classified as special.GFS also makes delivery of ballot papers during the election of the President of the Russian Federation, the State Duma, representatives of other state authorities of the Russian Federation.
Conclusion
So we covered the basic functions, powers, rights, and given the definition of "Courier Service".What is it described in more detail in the key regulations governing the work of GFS.
