Perhaps even a child would say that such precipitation.Rain, snow, hail ... The fact is that the moisture that falls from the sky to the ground.However, not everyone can clearly tell where the water is taken.It is clear that cloud (although this is not a hard and fast rule), but where there are clouds in the sky?To understand the cause and manner of passing over our heads, showers, rain and snow, you get an idea about the exchange of al-two of the planet Earth.
from the surface of the oceans and seas under the influence of the sun evaporates water.Invisible vapor rises where going into the clouds and the clouds.The wind carries them to the mainland, where one of precipitation.Heavenly moisture falls to the ground, lakes and rivers, infiltrates into groundwater, feeding springs.In turn, numerous streams, rivers and large streams drain into the seas and oceans.Thus there is the Earth's hydrologic cycle - the constant circulation of water in its different physical states: vapor, liquid and solid.
erroneous to assume that precipitation must fall from the sky.In some cases, they act on subjects like the dew, frost or frost, and even raised from the bottom up, like a mist.This occurs due to the condensation of steam in the cold, saturated air.If the body of water is warmer than the air above it, H2O molecules evaporate immediately condenses - forming fog or clouds bearing rain.If the cooler sea air, the process is reversed: the icy body of water like a sponge absorbs moisture from the air, draining it.
This explains the fact that the precipitation falls in the territory of the Earth is extremely uneven.Warm Gulf Stream carries heated flows from the Caribbean Sea lies to the far north of Iceland.Getting into the cold air, the moisture is released and forms a hard cloud, thereby forming the maritime climate of Western Europe.And at the western coast of Africa, Australia and South America, the opposite process occurs: cold flow dried tropical air masses and form of the desert, such as Namibia.
Average rainfall on the planet - about 1000 mm per year, but there are regions where the moisture drops much more, and there are places where the rains do not happen every year.So, deserts get water less than 50 mm in 365 days, and the record for the abundance of heavenly moisture is Charrapundzha in India, which is located on the windward slopes of the Himalayas at an altitude of more than one km above sea level - where annual precipitation of rain 12 thousand millimeters per square meter.In some places rainfall is unevenly distributed across the seasons.For example, in the subequatorial climate has only two seasons: dry and wet.In the Northern Hemisphere from November to May is a bucket, while the remaining 6 months are showers.In the dry period is in a 7% annual rate.
How to measure the amount of moisture that fell heaven?To this end, meteorological stations, there are special devices - osadkometry and pluviograph.This bowl of 1 square meter, which falls all the heavenly moisture, including solid precipitation - snow newly-fallen snow, hail, snow pellets and ice needles.Special bumpers prevent erosion and increased evaporation of falling into a bowl of water.Sensors record the height of the accumulated rainfall: During a shower the day, month and year.To calculate the level of humidification of large areas using radar method.
