definition of infinity
universe - a collection of all that exists in the cosmos.It is infinite in space, because one can not designate its limits.It is eternal in time because it preceded the Big Bang, and after its cooling is still something will happen there.Fundamental science studying individual components of the universe: Chemistry explores the world of molecular physics - elementary particles and atoms, biology is responsible for the study of the phenomena of nature.The structure of the universe as a whole is studying cosmology is based on the theory of astronomy.
model of the universe
rapid development of cybernetics in different scientific studies, led the increasing popularity of the theory of modeling.The essence of this theory is the study of the model corresponding to the original real object.Creating models of individual phenomena contribute to an in-depth study of the surrounding world.For a long time astronomers have actively studied the structure of the universe and an imaginary homogeneous (isotropic).
Einstein proposed a cylindrical model, in which certain local curvature of space and time leads to global curvature of the universe.In this model the time coordinate is not bent, ie the time comes evenly from past to future.Furthermore, this model has been improved astrophysicist Willem de setter, who suggested that in the context of redshift time in different parts of the universe flows differently.
Today, the most popular model of the expanding universe, proposed by Friedman.In such a conception of the structure of the universe is global because of the curvature of the continually gravitating masses.In the scientific world discussed two modifications expanding the model:
- closed model assumes a gradual slowing of the expansion as a result of gravitational braking;
- open model implies slowing expansion throughout an infinitely long time.
Any model of the universe is only a copy of the real object, and therefore the results of its study purely theoretical, they need practical confirmation.
galaxy in the universe
Today, scientists are watching the Earth just one universe, but it is not a basis for the assertion that it is the only one.Structure and Evolution of the Universe is a global challenge for cosmological studies.All of its stars and celestial bodies are merged into a huge star systems known as galaxies.Each galaxy is a central core, the spiral arms round him, which hosts a large number of stars and the periphery in the form of a cloud consisting of the rare stars.Stars are born, live, moving in space, and die.In our galaxy, the central star is to the Sun, the celestial bodies, like him, live from 10 to 15 billion years.Now the sun is in the middle age.
galaxy in which we live in, called the Milky Way because its plane with the maximum number of stars, gas and dust is visible in the night sky like a misty glow.The band that encircles the glow wide ring the whole sky.Milky Way - the galaxy is not the only, component of the structure of the universe.There is a huge number of galaxies with innumerable stars.For example, the Andromeda galaxy and the Magellanic Clouds, located on an unimaginable distance from us.
structure of matter distribution
structure of the universe is a collection of flat galactic sheets separated by areas in which there is practically no luminous matter.These voids have a size of about 100 Mpc.The first sheet is observed Great Wall, located at a distance of 200 million light years.Great Wall - a group of galaxies that has a thickness of 15m. St.age and sizes - 500 million. St.years.
in the structure of the universe position of the Earth has the following characteristics: solar planetary system, a local group clusters and superclusters of galaxies, the Orion arm, the galaxy - the Milky Way.
