Cognition studying science as a phenomenon, which is called epistemology.
In terms of the science, the term refers to a set of methods, processes, procedures, comprehension of the world, society, the objective response.
There are several types of knowledge.
• Religious, the object of which is God (regardless of religion).Through God, man tries to understand himself, the value of his personality.
• Mythological, characteristic of primitive society.The knowledge of the world through the impersonation of unknown concepts.
• Philosophical.It's very special, holistic way of understanding the world, the individual and their interaction.It assumes no comprehension of individual things or phenomena, and finding a common, universal laws of life.
• Art.Reflection and learning through images, symbols, signs.
• Scientific.Search knowledge objectively reflect world laws.
Scientific knowledge is twofold, he has two approaches.First - ab initio (theoretical).This kind of generalization presupposes knowledge acquired empirically, the construction of scientific theories and laws.
empirical way of knowledge assumes that people exploring the world through experience, experiment, observation.
Kant believed that there are stages of cognition.The first is sensory cognition, the second - the mind, the third - the mind.And here in the first place stands the knowledge of the world through the senses.
perceptual knowledge - is a way of development of the world, which depends on the internal organs and the senses.Sight, smell, taste, hearing, touch only bring the primary knowledge about the world, its outer side.Obtained in this way it will always be specific.
Here there is an interesting pattern.The image resulting will be objectively by its content, but the subjective form.
object will always be diversified and richer than his subjective perception, because it allows to know the object only in a certain perspective.
There are certain forms of sensory perception.
• sensations: touch, hearing, smell, sight, taste.This is the first, starting form of knowledge.It gives only a partial view of the subject.He is known through the senses, and therefore, quite one-sided and subjective.The color of apple can not judge his taste some fine (visual) orchid publish disgusting smell of meat has long disappeared.
• Such forms of sensory perception, as perception, allow to make a sensual image of an object or phenomenon.This is the first stage of cognition.Perception involves active, it has defined goals and objectives.Perception allows you to save the material on which it is already possible to build a judgment.
• Representation.Without this form of sensory perception would be impossible to know the surrounding reality, comprehend it and keep in their memory.Our memory is selective.It does not reproduce the phenomenon as a whole, but only those parts that are most important.
Three forms of sensory perception person prepare for the transition to a different, higher level of knowledge of - abstraction.
