Community (exchange of information) plays an important role in our lives.There are many means by which information can be transmitted from partner to partner, from person to person.Such methods may include speech, pauses in speech, voice, tone, facial expressions, gestures and laughter.In the general sense they can be divided into two main groups - verbal and nonverbal.
One of the main means of communication is still the so-called "system of verbal signs", which is used as a way to transfer and assimilation of social and historical experience of mankind.Possession of such a system allows people to exchange views, to understand each other and just talk.
Communication, information exchange, the device uses techniques (specific coding the transmitted data) and the recipient (the decoding of the received message).In the case of different coding systems (for example, the use of different languages) and the communicator and the recipient will not be able to find common ground for the implementation of joint activities.
By verbal communication is speech that distinguish both external and internal.The external broadcasting encompasses oral and written language.
dialogue characterized by simple hand communication.Psychology he devotes quite important.An example is the dependence of the success of the negotiations on the efficiency of the dialogue.
Monologue also characterizes the spoken word, but only one person.Basically, this type of communication is used for presentations and lectures.There are increased demands on the choice of words, sentence structure clear and rigorous logic.
Community, the exchange of information is widely used in the world today in the form of written language.It emerged later speech, and its main purpose - it deliver information to people who are far away.A tool such communication is a sign system.
Nonverbal means of communication include facial expressions, a person's appearance, gestures, laughter, sharing photos, articles, drawings, as well as the spatial distribution of the interlocutors.These funds are an effective complement speech utterances.The greatest value among them has the appearance of the person presented in the form of clothes and manners.
To meet the needs of mankind in the joint venture are three sides of communication:
- perceptual (people's perceptions of each other);
- communicative (exchange of information between people);
- interactive (interaction between people in the process of communication).
For a summary of the material is necessary to allocate such basic types of communication:
- «Contact mask", which is a formal communication.As the exchange of information, it uses the familiar mask, reflecting politeness, rigor, indifference, humility and compassion.The big city people often use it to isolate themselves from others.
- Formally-role communication, precisely controlled via the content and media.The basis of it is laid the social role of interlocutor, not his personality.
- Business communication, which takes into account peculiarities of the age, character, personality and mood of the interlocutor.However, in the first place put the interests of business and personal characteristics - for the second.
- Spiritual or interpersonal communication, allowing friends to address any topic.If it necessary to use the word - understanding of other possible movements, facial expressions, intonation.Such communication becomes real only with excellent knowledge of the personality of the interlocutor, and if the person is well aware of the interest, the beliefs of others, and therefore can be easily replicated for his reaction.
