most vulnerable categories of the population are children.That is why they need special care.Today, there are two international instruments that reinforce the rights of children.First of all, it is the Geneva Declaration of the Rights of the Child.It was developed by Eglantine Jebb.11/26/1924 Adopted in Geneva on 5 th Assembly of the League of Nations.It was fixed 5 basic principles.They, in particular, states that:
- child must provide the necessary funds for the normal mental and physical development.
- Children need to provide medical care, the homeless and the orphans - provide support in difficult times.Am wrong should be corrected, and the hungry - feed.
- In difficult times the child must first of all get help.
- necessary for it to be protected from any form of exploitation and grew up in an atmosphere of love.
- educate the child must conscious that his best quality should be used for the benefit of others.
second document establishes the right of children is the Declaration of the Rights of the Child, adopted by the UN General Assembly on 11.20.1959.In the preamble, it was stated that it is established in order to ensure a happy childhood and calls upon parents, authorities, voluntary organizations, ordinary citizens to ensure that they have tried to respect the rights of children.
Declaration on the Rights of the Child enshrined the 10 principles aimed at special protection and care of children.Namely:
- They must have all the items shown in this legal document rights without any exception or distinction (regardless of gender, language, political opinions or other circumstances).
- With the enactment of laws is necessary to take care of the interests of the child.Organize special protection and favorable conditions for its intellectual, moral and physical development.
- From birth, the child has the right to a nationality and name.
- child should be given the benefit of social welfare, special care and protection not only to him, but his mother's (including prenatal and postnatal care).Declaration of the Rights of the Child enshrined the position that a child has the right to housing, adequate food, medical care and entertainment.
- disabled children (mentally, socially or physically), due to their special status, should be provided with special treatment and care.
- Education shall be free and compulsory.It is necessary for the development of skills and abilities to express personal judgments, awareness of social and moral responsibility.Declaration of the Rights of the Child also contains a provision that the public authorities and the public are obliged to make efforts to ensure that the younger generation games and entertainment.
- In all circumstances, the child must be the first to receive protection and assistance.
- forbidden the use of children in jobs harmful to their health.They should be protected from cruelty, neglect and exploitation.Declaration of the Rights of the Child enshrined as the position that children can not be the subject of trade.
- child should be brought up in the spirit of tolerance, understanding and universal brotherhood and friendship among peoples, in the minds of his abilities and energy should be directed to the benefit of other people.
