task for project development under construction facilities issued by the customer, and the composition of this task depends on the type of the planned facility, and it should contain the definition of the area and places to be built, the necessary parameters of the construction, as well as where it will be supplying electricity, water, fuel, raw materials and more.
Based on the significant experience of construction and civil engineering, we can convincingly show that the design should be conducted sequentially rather than strive to reach a final decision.That is why the design should be carried out in stages, which are called - the design stage.Elements of the project consistently refined and deepened at every stage.As the main
today a two-stage system of the development project.The first stage is given, mainly drawing up the technical project and the second stage is reserved for the detailed design, in which components are already working drawings for construction.Although until recently the design was carried out in three stages: job design, engineering design, detail design.But deep study of the natural environment, an experience that has been gained design and survey structures and organizations and, not least, the widespread introduction of the model design made it possible to go on at least a long series of works without compromising quality.
Model project - a project for repeated use in the construction of structures that can be described as the same type.The basis of the model design is to unify the elements of the structure and its circuit.
advantages of building structures using model projects is as follows:
- cost reduction deadlines and construction works,
- decrease in comparison with the individual design scope and timing of project works,
- appearance of possible mass production of structural elements of buildings, structures factorymethod.
Currently, characterized by the dominance of the model design as the main form design.It is especially prevalent in the socio-residential, agricultural, cultural, residential and transport construction, where the proportion of the model design is up to eighty percent of all components of the project.
The components of the model project are a set of working drawings, cost estimates and the explanatory memorandum containing, including data that provide engineering geological survey, the results of the site survey.
important action is the binding of the project in accordance with the data obtained after were conducted geotechnical investigations - making in drawing the necessary adjustments, which are related to the characteristics of the terrain, the local soil, groundwater and so on., Which implements the application of the Modelproject-specific conditions of building structures.
design in two stages reduces design and estimate materials reduce the time of compilation, review and approval of them.
Along with the design in two steps is possible to use a one-stage design of techno.This design can be carried out for simple objects, which are supposed to build on the model of a cost-individual projects that are reused.In this case, the question of choosing the place and the main technical parameters of structures are solved simultaneously.
