Plastic sharing is still the name of assimilation or anabolism and is the totality of all the enzymatic biochemical reactions that result in bioorganic compounds are synthesized.Plastic
exchange involves the biosynthesis of proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, nucleic acids.When anabolism takes place as the process of photosynthesis and chemosynthesis.
If we talk about plastic exchange in the human body, at once I must say that all of the nutrients that enter the body with food, have a high molecular composition, so they can not be assimilated.During digestion, these compounds break down into individual monomers, which are already used for the synthesis of specific macromolecular substances inherent in the human body.
One of the most important classes of compounds are proteins.Protein nature have all the enzymes of the body, as well as some hormones.Proteins are hemoglobin (the respiratory function provides) antibody (provide immune response), actin and myosin (determine muscle contraction), collagen and keratin (perform a structural function in the body).
Given the important role of protein for the body to function, it is necessary to consider the process of synthesis as an important part of the plastic exchange.
I must say that all living organisms differ in the presence of specific proteins, which are composed of amino acids.This interposition of amino acids determines the specific properties of the protein compounds.
proteins are synthesized in the cell cytoplasm in special organelles - ribosomes.These structures consist of large and small subunits.They take part in the process of protein synthesis.An important role in the biosynthesis of proteins play a nucleic acid, which include DNA and RNA.Thus, structural units of DNA (genes) contain coded information about the primary structure of the proteins (amino acid sequence), and the RNA is responsible for its reading and amino acid transport to a place where there is a synthesis of the protein.
protein synthesis occurs in two stages: transcription and translation.At the core of transcription is the process of transferring information on the structure of protein from DNA to RNA.
Broadcast - is the direct synthesis of a polypeptide chain with the corresponding amino acid sequence according to the genetic code, with the participation matrix (information) RNA.The whole process of translation goes through three stages: initiation, elongation, terminanatsii.As a result, the protein produced from translation of the primary structure.
worth remembering that the exchange of plastic - is not only the synthesis of proteins and other organic compounds, and photosynthesis, which is a complex and multi-layered process, it takes place in 2 phases.
The light phase flows in chloroplasts (on thylakoids), wherein ATP is formed and secreted molecular oxygen, and a dark phase flows in the fundamental substance of chloroplast uptake and causes the formation of carbon dioxide and carbohydrates.
I think it is not necessary to dwell on the role of photosynthesis, suffice it to say that through this process annually produces about 150 billion. Ie substances of organic nature, as well as about $ 200 billion. Tons of oxygen.
must say that the plastic metabolism is closely related to energy processes that occur in the body.Thus, energy metabolism (catabolism) is an opposite process of anabolism and includes all of the cleavage reaction, when complex compounds decompose to simple and high-molecular substances are converted into a series of low molecular weight.This energy is released, which is used in the process of plastic exchange.
example, plastic and energy metabolism in the cell are the basis of the general exchange - metabolism, which includes all the processes of synthesis and decomposition substances.
