numeral - it is an independent part of speech.It was formed much later than the noun or adjective, so linguists are not always clearly qualify the individual words as referring specifically to her.The reason for the confusion is a formal and grammatical similarities between the name of the numeral signs and other parts of speech.
Determination
numeral - a remarkable part of the speech, which the categorical value - an integer number of identification items, the fraction, the order with the score.So, the whole cardinal numbers - three (home), five (cents), one hundred (friends);fractional - five-sixths (path), the second one (a glass), three point eight (per cent);sequence - the first (Lane), the second (rotate), sixth (cup).
Morphological numerals reflect their grammatical features.Most of the words of this part of the speech does not vary by gender and number (exceptions say later), and numerals decline has a number of features.Many of their case endings go back to the case endings of nouns.
As for syntactic role in the sentence, then the names of the numerals can act as a subject, predicate, and so the definition. D. Separation of the numerals on the discharge is determined and their lexical and grammatical compatibility with words of other parts of speech.
Features declination
Declination numerals denoting integers, determined by several factors.
- numeral "one" as adjectives leaning one - my father's one - my father, one - Papin one - blue;
- numeral "two", "three", "four" lean on the type of adjectives in the plural - three green, three - green, three - green and so on. Etc .;
- numerals decline from five to twenty is the same as nouns of the 3rd declension: five, thirty - night;five, thirty - night;five, thirty - at night, and so on. etc .;
- numerals at forty, ninety, one hundred and two forms are considered correct declination in the nominative and accusative cases with zero end - forty crows, and forty nights in the other case forms - ending -a: forty liters, about a hundred days, and so on. Etc..;
- numeral "thousand" changes the pattern of nouns 1st declination thousands - aunt, thousands - aunts, a thousand - of the aunt;
- the type of nouns in the second declension produced and declination of numerals "million," "billion": million - a leopard, a million - a leopard, a million - about the leopard;
- if the cardinal complex, then the decline had changed all the parts.For example, the decline of cardinal numbers from fifty to eighty made respectively 3rd declension of nouns: fifty-six - the mother of the fifty-six - of the mother;
- in complex numerals from two hundred to four hundred in the decline vary both parts: two hundred, two hundred, of two hundred, two hundred and twenty, two hundred and twenty, and so on. Etc .;
- for proper declension cardinal numbers from five to nine should always be the first part to change the pattern of nouns of the 3rd declension, and the second forms a proper ending.Declination numerals of this type is as follows: there is no five hundred rubles to five hundred rubles, five hundred rubles, about five hundred rubles;
- if cardinal numbers compound, the incline all the words, they consist of: no one hundred and forty five people say one hundred and forty-five people performed a hundred and forty five people, to talk about one hundred and forty-five persons;
- inclined by its own rules and collective numerals: two girls, both girls there, go to the two girls, both girls to talk about;or: five companions to the five comrades, with five companions, about five comrades;
- ordinal numbers indicate the order of items in the bill, modeled adjectives tend to hard and soft foundation: the first - a blue, first - blue, the first - the blue, on the first - on the blue;third - blue, the third - the blue, third - blue, the third - on the blue.With this algorithm, a decline of ordinal numbers easy to remember;
- fractional numerals in their names declination combine features of decline as much as cardinal numbers and ordinal.
