Grammar German is somewhat more complicated in comparison with the related languages of Romance and Germanic groups.Take, for example, the decline nouns or concept of grammatical gender, which is not in English.The concept of "word order" exists in almost all languages, but in some cases we are dealing with a free arrangement of words in a sentence, in others there is a definite pattern.
On target utterance German proposal is divided into 3 types:
- Narrative (Aussagesatz).
- Question (Fragesatz).
- Incentive (Imperativsatz).
order of words in the German proposal
The German proposal distinguish between 2 types of arrangement of words.Characteristic of the German proposal is the mandatory presence of the two main members: how to be (Subjekt), and the same predicate, Prädikat (there are exceptions, but this should be discussed separately).
Simple Non-Proliferation proposal incorporates only the principal terms and looks like this: Ich schreibe.(I write).Most offer has more than 2 members, then talk about the common proposal.
order of words in the German proposal has two types: forward and reverse.
direct word order just spreading the proposal easier to express as follows: subject + verb + seconded members.
Er schreibt ein Brief.
Conjugated part of a complex predicate is always in second place, the other part nespryagaemaya and detachable console, go to the end of the sentence:
Er hat ein Brief geschrieben.Sie geht heute spazieren.
second option - reverse word order.
meaning of the proposal from the use of another scheme arrangement of words does not change.This change only I and III places, it looks something like the reverse order: minor sentence verb + (Ref. Part) + subject + + nespr seconded members.part of the predicate. in last place and put detachable console.
Heute geht sie spazieren.
order of words in the German sentence: negative sentence
most commonly used in the German sentence negation nicht, which is put before the word, which she denies: Nicht alle sehen das.
If denial regards the predicate that the particles put in the end of the sentence: Das wissen wir nicht.
If denial regards the noun used particle kein, which is placed directly in front of him.Both agree on the nature of words and word forms: Er hat keine Zeit.
should be remembered that the German language is admissible in one sentence negation, unlike Russian.
order of words in the German sentence: interrogative sentence
There are two types of question the German proposals: with a question word, and without it.
interrogative sentence without interrogative word: Ref.part of the predicate + subject + + nespr seconded members.part of the predicate: Gehst du im Park?
interrogative sentences with a question word with him and begins: vopr.address + Ref.part of the predicate + subject + + nespr seconded members.part of the predicate: Wohin geht er heute Abend spazieren?
Word order in German incentive offer
incentive (imperative) proposal expresses a call for some action, order, injunction.Predicate, which is in the imperative mood, takes the first position at the same time: Gehen wir im Park!
word order in a complex the German proposal
are two types of complex sentences: slozhnosochinennoe and compound.Since the compound sentence part can exist independently of each other, the order of words in them is not much different from a simple German sentences.Separately should stay on the complex sentence.
Option One: the main clause is in the first position, the second part follows.In this case, a common scheme of word order is as follows:
- main clause word order is similar to a simple sentence;
- clause: Immediately after the decimal point is put subordinative subject + + + seconded members (denial, if any) + nespr.part of the predicate + Ref.part of the predicate.
Detachable consoles attached.If the verb in the subordinate clause expresses reflexive verb, the particle sich in the right form is placed immediately after the union, and only after it is subject.
If the order of the proposals changes, and most importantly offer goes by the wayside, it begins with the Ref.part of the predicate, because the clause arose in the first place, playing the role of one of the main parts of the sentence.
