composition of words most often asked to analyze high school students.Indeed, thanks to such lessons children learn much better material of word formation and spelling of different expressions.However, despite the ease of the task, students do not always do it right.What is the reason?This will be discussed further.
Understanding the composition of parsing words
in philological science analysis of the composition of words called "morphemic analysis."It is believed that this is the most complex analytical work that should be done with the lexical units of our native language.But if you stick to a certain algorithm, this procedure can be carried out very easily, quickly and correctly.
Composition words
As you know, all the words in the Russian language, and consist of the end of the base.The last part includes: the suffix, root and the prefix.Usually they are called morphemes.
What morpheme?
«morpheme" from Greek means "form."That is - the minimum and a significant part of a word that can not be broken up into smaller units.
morpheme has grammatical meaning and grammatical form.It is capable of delivering a completely different value types, namely:
- Lexical.His carrier performs root morpheme.
- grammar.His carrier perform service morpheme.
- Derivational.This value is entered affixes.
zero morpheme
should also be noted that in addition to material expression in the Russian language, and there are zero morpheme, which also have grammatical meaning.Here is an example: the word "home" is not the end of the material is expressed, and the word "bore" - suffix elapsed time.
What the components of the word?
As mentioned above, in the words include: the prefix, root, base suffix.To understand how to find the right part of the data, should be defined for each of them:
- terminations are called variable part of the word.Usually, it forms the shape and serves as a link to a variety of phrases and sentences.However, it should be noted that the end may be zero.
- basis - it's part of a word without end.
- roots is called the main and the most significant part of the word.Usually, it reflects the general lexical meaning all existing single-root words.
- prefix is also a significant part of speech.Usually, it is the square root.The prefix is needed to form new words.
- suffix is called a significant part of the word.Usually it comes after the root.The suffix is used to form new words.
main stages of parsing words composition
composition of words parsed according to a specific algorithm.It is necessary to use special graphic symbols.Consider the basic steps of the analysis in more detail:
- Experts note that in the Russian language, there are very different ways to parse the words in composition.However, they all agree on one thing: you must first find and select the ending.In order to do this, to understand a word you want to change on cases, race, number or persons.Thus, the same root form quite easily help you determine the ending.
- After determination by the end of the trace it in a rectangular or square frame is required to allocate basis.As a rule, it emphasize the straight line, and on the sides put a small stick, like "closing" segment.
- After the basics needed to find the root.In order to define it, you need to pick up a few single-root words.This process is not time consuming, especially if the shape of familiar and not very long.However, in some cases, the students still have problems at this stage.This usually happens when a little-known, or try words too long.In such situations, experts suggest first select suffixes and prefixes, and only at the end indicate the root.By the way, this morpheme is shown with an arc, which is placed on top.
- Once the root is necessary to allocate a prefix.Find it is quite simple.Prefix is a straight line (above), holding down the small line that separates it from the root.
- At the last stage of parsing words should be defined suffixes.They indicate the area.In most cases, this part of the word problems.After so many suffixes.Moreover, they vary in value.The best option is the storage of the main suffixes for each part of speech.
composition of words examples parse
Now you know the order of words in composition analysis.Let's apply the algorithm shown in practice.For this we use three different words: "snowdrop", "repetition" and "help".
- We analyze the composition of the words "snowdrop»:
- Determine the ending.To do this, you must change the word on the case and number, "snowdrop", "snowdrop", "snowdrop", and soil.As you can see, the word has a zero ending.
- basis is all the whole word.
- Determine the root.This requires a pick root word "snow" ("z" and "w" - alternating consonants), "snow", and so on.Thus, the root of the following acts - "snow cover".
- Determine the console.The word "snowdrop" - a noun, which literally means "under the snow."That is, the prefix will be "on".
- Define suffix.This is the most difficult.To do this, pick up a few single-root words to help us understand exactly how it was formed, "snow", "nival", "snowdrop", "snowdrop".This example shows that this word has two suffix "n" and "uh."
2. Let us examine the structure of the word "repetition»:
- Determine the ending.To do this, you must change the word on cases, "repetition", "repetition", "repetition".As you can see, the word ends with "e".
- basis is the next part of the word - "repetition."
- Determine the root.This requires a pick root word "repeat" second "and so forth. Thus, the root of the following acts of the" second ".
- Determine the console.The word "repetition" - a noun.His attachment to "on."
- Define suffix.To do this, pick up a few single-root words "repeat", "repeat", "repeat", "repetition".This example shows that the word is a suffix of "Yeni".
3. Let us examine the structure of the word "help»:
- Determine the ending.To do this, you must change the word, but "help" - this is the initial form of the verb.Some books claim that it has a zero ending, although most teachers are encouraged to enter in the next part - "be."
- basis is the whole word, or "Help."
- Determine the root.This requires a pick root word "help," help "," help "," can "(" z "and" w "- alternating consonants), and so on.Thus, the root of the following acts - "could."
- Determine the console.The word "repetition" - the verb is indefinite.His attachment to "on."
- Define suffix.In the initial form of the verb suffix is usually the vowel to "be."In this case the letter "a."
summarize
As you can see, there is nothing difficult to independently determine the structure of a word.Answers to questions that may arise in the course of this analysis, one can easily find by contacting the school textbook, or to his teacher.
