orders of birds considered to be one of the most ancient.Its appearance is attributed to the beginning of the Jurassic period.There are opinions that the ancestors of birds were mammals, the structure of which varies with the course of evolution.
body temperature of birds
The representatives of this class there is a constant and very high body temperature, it is not affected by changes in weather conditions.The animals with a similar phenomenon called homoiothermal.In mammals, it is much lower.The average temperature at the variety of birds is 42 ° C.Representatives of passerine have the highest body temperature - 45,5 ° C.Such serious figures play an important role in various processes and metabolism in the body of a bird.
One of the most important factors is the constant temperature of the body, it is important for the functioning of the brain during the cold season.Despite the low temperatures, for example, in the winter, thanks to the phenomenon of all the birds lead an active lifestyle.
Similarities and differences with mammals
There are a few features that make the bird similar to mammals:
- thin skin and a small amount of iron in it;
- horn formation on the body are well developed;
- have a cloaca, and others.
However, much of their individual qualities are distinguished:
- constant temperature of 40-42 ° C is reduced by certain processes;
- method of reproduction, namely the construction of the nest, incubation of eggs and feeding the offspring;
- the central nervous system is more developed, which explains the existence of adaptive.
characteristic species.Feathers
squad birds - vertebrates are animals, their body usually covered with feathers and wings are forelegs.Legs are well developed, the body has a streamlined shape.The thin skin makes it possible to be movable feathers.There are two kinds of them - down and contour.
Contour pen has a solid trunk from which the records are located, they are covered, a short beard, fastened together with hooks.Not all skin surface is covered with feathers like.Where they do not, there is usually down and down feathers, they have a soft texture, and they do not have the barrel.Outlined pens are so named due to its location, as they are mainly along the contour of the entire body of the bird, on the wings and at the rear.They play a major role in flight.Another important function of the feathers - is to protect the body against damage and loss of heat.
squad also susceptible birds molt as feathers wear out.There are some species in which all cover changes at the same time.At this time they are unable to fly and find their place inaccessible to predators.This type of molt celebrated mainly in those birds that are able to provide themselves with food, not soaring in the sky.The other individuals, this process takes place gradually.Also, shedding can begin because of the change of seasons.
color pen cover is also varied.It depends on the bird habitats, time of year, sex and climatic conditions.
process of reproduction
squad birds are dioecious animals.Typically, reproduction starts after returning from wintering birds and the onset of favorable weather conditions.Of course, for the full course of his individual needs of different sexes.And the multitude of all kinds of birds begins with the marriage of the male dance, which he is trying to attract the attention of females.Very often this is accompanied by unusual behavior and interesting sounds.After the lady receives courtship, the pair is formed.Many birds have for next season looking for a new partner, however, some conclude their alliance for life.
should be noted that there are species of birds that have been together a couple of building nests and feeding their young.And there are those males who only fertilize the female, and all the worries have been held without their participation.
After the formation of the pair begins building the nest.Further there is a clutch of eggs, they hatch usually female, the male at the time of being changed.Care and feeding offspring also performed together.This lasts until such time as the chicks will not be able to find food on their own.
Species or groups of birds
It is believed that the first stage of separation or superorder are the penguins and all the birds known to science (novonebnye).The reason that Penguin attributed to a particular group - a significant difference in the origin and structure from all other birds.Among scientists there is much debate on the subject of the detachment or to any class include some birds, or provide them with a separate family.
All groups of birds can still be divided into domestic and wild, migratory and migratory, waterfowl, raptors, forest, living in open spaces and cultural landscapes.
of chicken
Bird of chicken can live in the woods, fields and contained in the backyard.These include chickens, grouse, capercaillie, black grouse, white and gray partridge and others. All
representatives of this order remain to winter in their usual places, except the quail are.In birds, this kind of care only female offspring.A significant part of Galliformes is pets.
squad owls
squad Owls Bird is predatory.Most of them are nocturnal.To this species include the barn owl, white owl, little owl, great gray owl, marsh owl, and others. The biggest advantage of them - excellent hearing.That it helps to catch the animals in the dark.To create a permanent breeding pair of owls.Female incubates the eggs, but the feeding of offspring - is already taking care of both parents.Among the day the hunters it is worth noting sparrow owl, white owl and hawkish.Smoke Owl produces excellent food day and night.
Since owl birds of prey photos of most of them, as well as images of other birds of prey, causing tremors and some fear.
passerine
passerine birds are known to everyone.They live in almost all territories of the globe, except Antarctica.This is the largest number of orders of birds - about 5000. These include siskin, sparrow, magpie, crow, wren, jay, robin, blue tit, tit, and others. They feed on seeds and small insects.
role of squad Detachment birds
birds is a key element in the fight against pests of various plants.They also help disseminate their seeds.They, in turn, feed on other animals.
