"think, therefore I exist."This famous expression that suggested a French philosopher of the XVI century, fully reflects the special features of the human mental processes aimed at solving different problems and identify, revealing the essence of something.With this purpose mental operations.A more detailed look at their nature and types.
mental operations are one of the ways of intellectual activity by which a person is to solve certain tasks.They are diverse: a synthesis and analysis, abstraction, comparison, specification, classification, generalization.Mental operations depend on the objectives and nature of the data that are processed.But the choice is also determined by the individual characteristics of a person.
basic mental operations
Analysis is an intelligent expansion of unity on the part of either the allocation of a major party, attitudes and actions.
synthesis is the reverse process.This combination of properties, units, relations and actions into a whole.
But these thought processes are the two interconnected logic operations.Analysis as synthesis can be both mental and practical.They were formed in the course of practical human activity, because people are constantly interacting with phenomena and objects.Therefore, due to their practical development, this has led to what were the thought processes of synthesis and analysis.
comparing means to establish differences and similarities of phenomena and objects.These mental operations based on the analysis.As to the comparison process will need to identify a number of grounds on which it is carried out.
It may be incomplete, unilateral, multilateral or complete.Comparisons are often made at different levels - the surface or deeper.In such cases, human mental activity goes from symptoms differences and similarities to the internal characteristics of the visual aspect of the hidden, from the phenomenon to its essence.
Abstraction is a mental distraction from a number of parties and specific features in order to better know it.In such a case, the person begins to mentally highlight any sign of any subject, considering it completely isolated from all other signs and temporarily distracted from them.With their study the specific features provided simultaneous distraction from the rest, it will help people to understand more deeply the essence of phenomena and things.Abstractions are helping people to break away from a specific, single and rise to the highest level of knowledge.It is a scientific and theoretical thinking.
concretization is a process which is the inverse of abstraction and which is inextricably linked with it.This mental operation is the return of thought from the abstract to the concrete and general in order to reveal the contents.
One of the most necessary and important mental operations is a generalization.The fact that human thought always be aimed at, to obtain any result.The individual will always analyze objects and comparing them abstracting certain qualities and properties in order to identify them in common and to identify patterns that govern their development.It is necessary to master them.Therefore, generalization is engaged in release of phenomena and objects of the total, which is expressed in the form of law, concepts, formulas, rules and the like.
Therefore mental operations must be developed from childhood.
