One of the fundamental problems of psychology is the personality typology.A pioneer in the analysis of this issue was Jung.He tried to trace and identify the different types of people to carefully examine this issue in his book "Psychological Types," which became a classic in psychology.Many other scientists also have their eyes on the classification of people according to certain attributes.
In most cases, the person is regarded as a single entity that is different from the others not only on such individual characteristics as temperament or character, but also a specific way of life and perception of the environment and outlook, values, and so on. N.
Jung typological differences linked to factors such as the prevalence of any mental function and the dominance of one of the units of consciousness in the work of the individual psyche.For example, he singled extraverted and introverted people.The first type - are individuals who are oriented mainly on external factors and events.Introverts, on the contrary, aimed at the private world, feelings, emotions.This understanding of Jung these characteristics different from how they treated Eysenck, who identified the types of temperaments.The scientist, as his followers believed that the phases of introversion and extraversion may be replaced throughout life.In Jung's understanding - it is only the main thrust of consciousness.Further details are studying the characteristics of these types of psychology as differentiated and social.
next factor, according to Jung, affecting the gradation of the individual - is the maximum expression of a major mental functions (thinking, intuition, feelings, sensations).Scientists have suggested that in life one may become a major, the other - the auxiliary, and the remaining two may be underdeveloped and act only at the level of unconsciousness.On the basis of this criterion to allocate the following personality typology.Thinking the form in the first place, the perception of the world, is based on rational judgments.For emotional type is characterized by ethical assessment of ambient.The intuitive person will rely on not fully conscious, but a holistic understanding that emerged from it.Touch individual are important facts and personal impressions.Since each of these species can be an extrovert or an introvert, personality typology Jung identifies and characterizes groups of 8 people.
At the time, an attempt to divide people on grounds of their inherent mental and Pavlov did.He is in his research was based on their allocated types of nervous activity.In his classification of personality could be mental, and artistic medium.At the base are the peculiarities of perception of the world and the organization of human activity.This personality typology distinguishes human thinking, which is characterized by good judgment, in-depth analysis of what happened to him, dominated by abstract logical thinking.
have artistic personality is very pronounced emotion, she developed imagination.For such people, it is characterized by spontaneity and follow their feelings.The average type (the majority of people) slightly dominated one or another kind of perception of the world.In the latter case, a large role is played by education and social environment of the individual.Usually features begin to appear in adolescence, when the definition is already possible with the choice of future profession.
theories that describe groups of people with their characteristic common features, widely students learn not only the humanitarian front, but also economic, and legal, and so on.. For example, the psychology of the individual offender is based just on the typology of individuals.
