According to official data, China in the late 20th century had about 95 million hectares of cultivated land.Often from one area to be treated for two years removed three or more crops, and along the Yangtze River every year has two harvests.In areas of southern China in many fields harvested three crops a year of major crops and up to five harvests of vegetables.China's agriculture was formed due to its vast territory and varied climate conditions.On the territory grow more than 50 different field crops, more than 80 kinds of vegetable and almost 60 species of garden.
Cattle, sheep, horses and goats produced in the mountains of western regions of China, as well as in the vast steppes of Tibet and Xinjiang.In the desert oasis area of Xinjiang grown watermelons and grapes.In cold northern provinces of Heilongjiang and Jilin produced a highly mechanized cultivation of corn, wheat and soybeans.In Northern China, where experience chronic water shortages, drought-resistant crops are grown, such as corn, wheat and millet.In the North China Plain cultivated land bring in year two crops of grain, oilseeds and tobacco.
Agriculture of China is composed of the most productive in terms of gross agricultural production areas: Sichuan Province, the lower reaches of the valley of the Yangtze River and subtropical Guangdong.It is the norm to obtain several harvests per year, is widely used irrigation and fertilizer use.Sichuan, Hunan and Jiangsu are the largest producers of rice in the country.In areas of Guangxi and Guangdong provinces cultivate most of the sugar cane.And in the subtropical regions of China's agriculture produces mainly for export, oranges, tangerines, pineapple and litchi.
Manpower in agriculture in China is played almost the most important role.The Earth as a result of the privatization program has been divided between the municipalities of families and its treatment is based on a family contract.First, the land was leased for 1-3 years, but then introduced a long-term system of ownership (50 years or more).The Chinese Government has conducted a series of adjustments to the purchase prices for grain and meat, it was a stimulating factor that has helped significantly increase productivity.By the end of the 20th century, China's agriculture produces about 500 million tons of grain, including 185 million tons of rice.Among the food crops in the second place by value is wheat.A collection of maize (100 million tons), the country ranks second after the United States in the world.
describing the different types of agriculture in China, it should be noted that the country is one of the world's largest supplier of many kinds of tea.In addition, cultivated millet, oats, sorghum, rye, buckwheat, of root vegetables - sweet potatoes and potatoes, legumes - soybeans.Prominent among industrial crops owned cotton.Under his growing allocated 40% of the area occupied by industrial crops.Also grown flax, hemp and jute.Tobacco is collected in the largest quantities in the world.Among the leading sesame oil, peanut and sunflower.Grown sugar beet and sugar cane.From fruit grown pineapples, citrus fruits, bananas, apples, mangoes, pears and others.Livestock in China used to take a secondary place, but now it has begun to develop at an accelerated pace.Also, for the past 4000 years in China practiced sericulture.
Despite the success of China's agriculture, it can not cope with a large increase in population.Experts predict that in the 21st century need to be imported grain annually from 55 to 175 million tonnes.
