especially agriculture in Australia is that it uses a huge amount of land areas per person employed, and here is an opportunity for vnestoylovogo year-round cattle grazing.When its development is no feudal survivals, attended advanced agricultural machinery and a relatively stable and rather capacious English market.Agriculture in Australia is part of a group of world leaders in productivity, but at the same performance output of agricultural products per unit area is relatively small, since the land is used extensively.
This feature shows how different farming Australian agriculture of Japan and European countries.However, this feature is also evidenced by how huge potential has the fifth continent.Even the most conservative estimates indicate that only a simple increase in arable land due to the land is not yet involved in agricultural use, makes it possible to provide food for 60 million people.And all this without damaging the environment.
Agriculture Australia exported 60% of products, including 97% wool, 80% sugar, 75% of grain, 30-40% of beef and mutton.Previously, the bulk of the production was exported to the UK, but in recent years become major exporters, Japan and other countries in East and Southeast Asia.Strategy for development of agriculture in Australia continues to be that it is the leading sector of sheep.The number of flocks of sheep in the country ranked first in the world and reached in some years up to 180 million head.It then declined because of falling demand on the world market for wool and for many years is about 130 million head.
Sheep quite fastidious animals, they do not fit a temperate climate with high humidity or tropical heat.The main part of the sheep (approximately 45%) grazing in areas to the west of the zone where sheep farming is intensive.In these zones, the year falls from 350 to 500 mm.Here on the farm, in addition to the sheep, and grow wheat and bred cattle.Impact of climate change on agriculture in Australia has led to the fact that the zone of intensive sheep usually highly specialized, they are small farm fattening type.This region, stretching in a narrow strip along the western slopes of the East Australian mountains, as well as in the eastern part of the island of Tasmania and in the extreme southwestern part of the continent.In these areas account for about a third of the flock.
Among crop agriculture grain farming represented Australia.The main cereal crop is wheat here.She is 35-40% of the crop and 18-19% of the total agricultural production.The average yield of wheat is small and is only 13-14 quintals per hectare.And on productivity rather strongly influenced by climate.However, Australia for many years is among the leaders in world wheat exports, second only in terms of the US and Canada.Sometimes, in the fight for third place in the global grain market it is ahead of France.The largest grain importers are Japan and China.
Besides wheat, important crops for export are barley, oats and sorghum.And barley is grown in Australia in the same area as the wheat.Here we use the scheme of crop rotation wheat-barley-pairs.Corn in Australia, in contrast to the European countries and the United States is grown a little as to her local soil and climatic conditions are not suitable.
