rating of any state in the international arena is determined by the level of development of its economy.And the very notion of economy is very multifaceted, but it is precisely the basis of industry, that is a set of different companies.It factories, power plants, mines.They mined raw materials, produce tools, fuel, materials, harvest timber, produce energy and processed products that were produced in industry or in agriculture.That is, this sphere of human activity has a decisive effect on his well-being.
As you can see, sectors of the economy involved in production activities, there are many.And much of it conditionally united under one common definition - the heavy industry.This is the group of industries that produce mainly the means of production.This includes almost all of the mining industry and some of the manufacturing industry.This industries such as electric power, nonferrous and ferrous metallurgy, fuel industry, metal working and mechanical engineering.The list also includes forestry, timber, petrochemical, chemical, pulp and paper industries, and other similar industries.
Yet the degree of importance of these sectors of the economy can be seen from the history.For example, the Russian heavy industry began to develop only after the revolution.According to statistics, in 1913 the Russian engineering industry gave only 9% of the total industrial output shaft.The share of the chemical industry was even less - 3%, and the proportion of energy accounted for less than one percent.And a number of sectors related to heavy industry in general was absent.For example, in pre-revolutionary Russia had no instrumentation, machine tools, production of tractors, cars and metallurgical equipment.And so many kinds of products imported from abroad.
But after the revolution, the situation changed dramatically.And it was done, and the industrialization of the whole country was literally created heavy industry.The Soviet leadership paid great attention to the development of electric power industry, mechanical engineering, chemical and other heavy industries.In the prewar years the Soviet people built many large enterprises and created from scratch the new branch of the industry.This automotive, aerospace, machine tool, combine harvester, tractor, metallurgical machinery and other unimportant industry.And during World War II heavy industry has become a base for the defense industry.
postwar years, too, are characterized by a high rate of development of these industries.Then we have begun to appear, and successfully develop new products, such as electronics, radio engineering, instrument-making, rocket and similar.Soviet Union was able to take first place in the world production of oil, iron, steel, coke, iron ore, fertilizer, electric and diesel locomotives, tractors, cement and lumber.Heavy Industry of the USSR at that time reached the level of other developed countries.
And now the former Soviet Union countries are the base established in those days.For example, in Russia, Belarus and Ukraine now employs more than 20 metallurgical enterprises.It's like Mariupol Azovstal, Amurmetal in Komsomolsk-on-Amur, Almetyevsk Pipe in Tatarstan, Beloretsk Metallurgical Plant in Bashkortostan, Belarusian Steel Works in Zhlobin and others scattered across the entire CIS.
more heavy industry includes such an important sector as the oil industry.This exploration of oil and gas drilling, extraction of natural resources, as well as the entire pipeline transport.Now in Russia there are three major oil base: Timano-Pechersky, the Volga-Urals and Western Siberia.And last base - the largest in Russia.It is located in nine provinces and has an area of 3.5 million square kilometers.And from the wells of the base is now produced 70% of Russia's oil.Although the level of oil production every year is reduced, the industry heavy industry is still one of the most important and profitable for Russia.
