Tin - a substance denoted by Sn, belonging to the group of light metals.In normal (room) temperature does not react with either oxygen or water.Over time, the ability to cover a special film that protects the metal from corrosion.
density of tin is at an ambient temperature of 20 ° C, 7.3 gram per cubic centimeter, at the melting point (231.9 ° C) - 6.98 grams per cubic centimeter.
Tin exhibits the following oxidation states: 2, 4.The most common level of 4, but with a degree of tin 2 is a strong reducing agent.
As stated above, tin is resistant to oxygen and water at room temperature but still be oxidized can - at a temperature above 150 ° C.Heated
tin reacts with most non-metals, may be reacted with sulfuric acid, but only if it is concentrated.
When the reaction between the tin and concentrated nitric acid exhibits a behavior characteristic of non-metals produced by reacting tin acid.
can react with alkalis diluted in water, by heating the tin hydroxide is decomposed into oxide and water.
Unlike some other chemical elements, not tin obtained by similar reactions, as a result of melting and purification of a tin ore.
Tin Ore is very important for humans, although relatively rare fossil.In the main Russian mine this ore is located in Eastern Siberia, also found tin in Yakutia.
most common tin ore in the form of tin stone, also called cassiterite.Presumably, the first cassiterites were found in the time of Homer, and they have been found in Greece - because the word is of Greek origin cassiterite.
likely tin stone was restored to the tin by chance, and very beautiful metal attracted people.But it is clear that it was very rare and expensive - among the surviving antiquities of Greece and Rome found items from the tin, but very rarely.
Currently, tin is not worth a lot of money, but now products from it are rare.
stone tin deposits occur in two forms: primary and secondary.The first tin ore is included in the granite and other rocks, and in the second a fine grains mixed with clay.
For pure metal tin ore is melted in a special oven for three days, followed by draining of the metal.Interestingly, if a first drain hole slag fall, then tin will have little, if tin flows immediately, leaving behind a slag, the amount will be sufficiently large.
pure tin - a beautiful, silvery white, soft metal - used in many industries.Because it is made tableware, food tin, beverage containers.Also included in the metal solders and additives, it is used for coating many articles of metals.The tin coating is done to protect the article from corrosion and to improve its appearance.
In addition, tin is easy to form various alloys with other metals, which include the well-known and much-bronze.Moreover, tin, chemical properties which undoubtedly surprising, is capable of forming an alloy with carbon - in other words an organometallic compound.
role of organometallic (otherwise - organotin) compounds are very high: they are used in the manufacture of stabilizers for PVC, agricultural chemicals, paints for wood.
In addition, some tin alloys are used to reduce the flammability and toxicity of the smoke generated during combustion of many plastics and synthetics.
