Yaroslav the Wise - Prince of Kiev, who ruled during 1019-1054.Also ranked ruler of Novgorod and Rostov.He was one of the sons of Vladimir the Great baptized Rus.Mother Yaroslav - princess of Polotsk Rogneda of Polotsk.
biography of Prince
future ruler was born around the year 980.At baptism he was given the name George.She became the wife of Prince Olav Ingigerda - the daughter of King of Sweden.After the Battle of hardwood internal and external policies of Yaroslav the Wise was aimed at increasing the popularity of Christianity among the people.Thus, he continued his father's work.
Wise nickname he got for his legal and educational affairs.As a child, the little limping Yaroslav since the birth of one leg slightly shorter than the other.Due to such physical characteristics are not the father took the boy with him to hunt.
To somehow entertain themselves, Jaroslav found solace in reading books.Because of this, he became the first educated man who knew diploma.Also to be found in ancient sources of information about the prince, where it was called "lame."However, because it is not named Kiev Slavs and enemies.
Domestic and foreign policy of Yaroslav the Wise distinguished prudence and carrying benefit to the Russian people.That is why the time has strengthened the rightness of expression: "Lame is wise."
first period of life of Yaroslav was the struggle for Kiev.When he reached adulthood, Vladimir Svyatoslavich appointed him prince of Rostov.After the sudden death of Yaroslav the Wise Vysheslav became ruler of Novgorod.
When Vladimir the Great died, his sons came the struggle for the throne of Kiev.Events civil war described in the "Tale of Bygone Years".Kiev was captured Svyatopolk I Accursed, who was a prince of Turov.He, with the goal to remove all rivals, killing brothers Yaroslav the Wise.And I would get to the last, but the prince of Kiev has warned of the danger of his sister Predslava.
Domestic Policy
At the beginning of his reign, the prince put a lot of effort to improving the literacy of his subjects.In Novgorod was founded a school for boys, in which children were taught to church business.
He bought tomes, and the monks they were transferred.Soon these books served textbooks for Slavic people.During the excavation of historians found the manuscript in which children are taught spelling.
Domestic Policy Yaroslav the Wise, in short, was also aimed at urban planning.The capital of Kievan Rus beauty can be said to rival Constantinople.
In honor of the long-awaited victory over the nomads in 1037 was erected the famous St. Sophia Cathedral.Thus, Kyiv came on the same level with the Byzantine Empire, where there were also churches with this name.No less significant cathedrals were built in St. George, Pskov and other Russian cities.Also Yaroslav the Wise was founded cities such as Yaroslavl (one is in Poland, the other - on the Volga).
Foreign Policy Prince
ruler of Kievan Rus primarily worried about the safety of the residents of the state, because the neighboring principality and strive to win more territory.Therefore, domestic and foreign policies of Yaroslav the Wise was to strengthen the defense, but not by building walls and castles around the country, and non-aggression treaty, the campaigns and bribery.
Prince also took care of the state's authority in the international arena.First Yaroslav Mstislav made a trip to Poland, during which recaptured the Cherven city.Later, he was interested in the Baltic states, home to a tribe of Chud.Here in 1030 the city was founded by Prince St. George, now it is called Tartu.
create a unified army of Novgorod, Kiev squads and hired Vikings, he dealt a devastating blow to the Pechenegs.Similar campaigns were also carried out on Lithuania Yatvingians, Mazovia and, of course, Byzantium.All these campaigns were successful, except the last.Most likely, because this campaign was headed by the son of the Wise.
feature of his policy were dynastic marriages.His sister and the children he gave foreign monarchs and princes.He himself was married to the daughter of the governor of the Swedish Olaf.His sister married a Polish king - Casimir, daughter Anna became the wife of Henry I, Elizabeth - wife of Harold Bold, Anastasia - Andrew I. sons Izyaslav and Vsevolod, in turn, become husbands Polish and Byzantine princesses.
development of culture in Kievan Rus
«Tale of Bygone Years" is almost the main source of information about the educational activities of the prince.It pointed out that the policy of Yaroslav the Wise in the field of culture was based on a translation of a large number of historical books from Greek into Russian.This is not surprising, as the ruler himself loved to read, because of what they called it, and the Wise.Translations of books laid the foundation for the creation of the first library in the St. Sophia church, and thus the development of science and education among the people of Kievan Rus.
Grand Duke was created a collection of laws, "Russian Truth".This vault has become a major source of legal, economic and social relations of the Slavs.During his reign developed art and architecture.
Building temples
Policy Yaroslav the Wise to the church has been positive, furthermore, he tried his best to spread Christianity among the people.On his orders in the 1036-1037 biennium.were built the famous Golden Gate and Church of the Annunciation.In addition, it was built Hagia Sophia and the two monasteries - St. George and Irene.An example of these buildings have become architectural buildings of Jerusalem and Constantinople.
Yaroslav the Wise made the first Metropolitan of Kiev Hilarion.It is not known, 1050-m, or in 1054 was an event, but mostly are acts committed by this man.Hilarion defended the independence of Russia from Constantinople and the independence of the Kyiv Diocese.
historical significance of
What was the policy of Yaroslav the Wise?The conclusion from the knowledge gained, you can do the following: land of Kievan Rus' flourished during the reign of Prince, no doubt about it.Actions intelligent ruler went to benefit the people and for the benefit of power.
Kiev strengthened the status of a strong state among the neighboring kingdoms, becoming a cultural, religious and economic center of Europe.During his lifetime he had to leave behind not only the city and the cathedrals, but also a testament to his sons with a call to avoid strife.
Whenever domestic and foreign policies of Yaroslav the Wise began in a small part as an example for his successors, the Kievan Rus' could be one of the leading countries in Europe.
