Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant them.Lenin - Ukrainian NPP stopped its work in connection with the explosion at Unit № 4. Its construction began in the spring of 1970, and 7 years later it was introduced into operation.By 1986, the station consisted of four units, which were completed two more.When the Chernobyl nuclear power plant exploded, or rather, one of the reactors, its work has not been stopped.Currently under construction of the sarcophagus, which will be completed by 2015.
Description Station
1970-1981 biennium.- In the meantime it built six units, two of which did not have time to run until 1986 for cooling the turbines and heat exchangers between the river Pripyat and Chernobyl was built filling the pond.
Before the accident power generating stations was 6,000 MW.Currently, work is underway to transform Chornobyl NPP into an environmentally safe construction.
The construction
to select a suitable site for the construction of the first nuclear power design institute examined the Ukrainian capital Kyiv, Zhytomyr and Vinnytsia region.The most convenient place was the territory on the right side of the Pripyat River.The land on which soon began building is unproductive, but requirements for the maintenance of the nuclear power plant is fully consistent.This area has been approved by the State Technical Commission of the USSR and the Ministry of Energy of Ukraine.
February 1970 marked the beginning of construction of Pripyat.The town was created specifically for engineers.The fact that the first years of serving the station staff had to live in dormitories and rented houses in nearby villages to Chernobyl.To ensure the operation of their families in a variety of Pripyat, built the company.Thus, over the 16 years of the city it was equipped with everything necessary for comfortable living of people.
1986 accident
night at 01:23 April 26, 1986 started a test project turbogenerator 4th unit, because of what the Chernobyl nuclear power plant exploded.As a result, the building collapsed, there was more than 30 fires.The first victims were V. Hodemchuk - operator of the circulation pumps, and B. Shashenok - the commissioning of the enterprise worker.
minute after the incident on duty for the protection of Chernobyl informed about the explosion.As soon as possible to the fire station arrived.Head of liquidation was appointed V. Pravik.Through his skillful actions it stopped the spread of fire.
When the Chernobyl nuclear power plant exploded, the environment has been contaminated with radioactive substances such as:
- plutonium, uranium, iodine-131 (half-life lasts about 8 days);
- cesium-134 (half-life - 2 years);
- cesium-137 (from 17 to 30 years);
- strontium-90 (28 years).
whole horror of the tragedy lies in the fact that the residents of Pripyat, Chernobyl, as well as the former Soviet Union for a long time concealed the Chernobyl nuclear power plant exploded why and who is guilty.
Source accident
April 25 the 4th reactor had to be shut down for regular maintenance, but instead decided to conduct a test.It was to create an emergency situation in which the station itself to deal with the problem.Such cases at that time there were already four, but this time something went wrong ...
The first and main reason for the explosion of the Chernobyl nuclear power plant - a careless and unprofessional attitude of staff to risky experiment.Workers supported the power unit of 200 MW, which led to self-poisoning.
As if nothing had happened, the staff watched the scene, rather than to bring the work of the control rods and click A3-5 - for emergency killing reactor.As a result of inaction Unit began an uncontrolled chain reaction, because of what the Chernobyl nuclear power plant exploded.
By the evening (around 20.00) in the central hall there has been a more intense fire.To extinguish the fire people at this time did not attract.His eliminated with the help of helicopters.
Total except firefighters and plant personnel in the rescue effort involved about 600 thousand. Man.
Because of what exploded Chernobyl nuclear power plant?There are several reasons that contributed to this:
- the experiment was to be held at any cost, despite the sharp change in the behavior of the reactor;
- decommissioning of technological protection of workers who would produce a stop unit and prevent accidents;
- silencing plant management scale disaster strikes, as well as the reasons because of which the Chernobyl nuclear power plant exploded.
Consequences As a result of eliminating the consequences of the spread of radioactive substances from the 134 firefighters and employees of the station developed radiation sickness, 28 of them died within a month after the accident.
signs of irradiation were vomiting and weakness.First, first aid station provided medical staff, and after that the victims were transported to hospitals in Moscow.
their lives to rescue workers were not allowed to fire the transition to the third block.This succeeded in avoiding the spread of fire in the neighboring blocks.If quenching is not a success, a second explosion could exceed the capacity of the first 10 times!
Accident 9 September 1982
Until the day that exploded Chernobyl nuclear power plant, was recorded in the case of destruction of the power unit №1.During the test run of one of the reactors at the power of 700 MW occurred a kind of explosion of the fuel assembly channel and № 62-44.The result is a deformation of the graphite stack and the release of significant amounts of radioactive substances.
explanation why Chernobyl nuclear power plant exploded in 1982, is the following:
- gross violations of the personnel department in the regulation of water flow in the channels;
- the remainder of internal tension within the walls of the channel zirconium tubes resulting from changes in technology plant that produced it.
Government of the USSR, as usual, has decided not to inform the population of the country, why the Chernobyl nuclear power plant exploded.Photos of the first accident was not kept.It is even possible that it never existed.
representatives station
Later in the article the names of employees and their positions before, during and after the tragedy.At the station director in 1986 was Bryuhanov Viktor.Two months later, the manager became Pozdyshev EN
NM Sorokin was deputy engineer for operations in the period 1987-1994.Gramotkin II from 1988 to 1995 served as the chief of the reactor shop.Currently, he is CEO of SSE "Chornobyl NPP".
Woodpeckers Anatoly Stepanovich - deputy chief engineer for operations and one of those responsible for the accident.Cause of the explosion of the Chernobyl nuclear power plant was to conduct a risky experience, who led this particular engineer.
Exclusion Zone is currently
-suffering young Pripyat today is contaminated with radioactive substances.They often gather in the ground, buildings, trenches, and other recesses.In the town of existing facilities were only station water fluoridation, special laundry, CAT and garage machinery.After the accident, Pripyat, oddly enough, did not lose the status of the city.
With Chernobyl, the situation is quite different.It is safe for life, there are people in charge of the station, and so-called squatters.Town today - is the administrative center of the control zone of alienation.Chernobyl focuses a venture that support the surrounding area in an environmentally-safe condition.Stabilization of the situation lies in controlling the radionuclides in the river Pripyat and airspace.The city is the personnel of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, which is responsible for protection of the exclusion zone from illegal intrusion.
