hydrogen sulphate - sodium salt of the acid is sulfuric acid.Represented by a given substance formula NaHSO4.Sodium sulfate is a transparent crystal having no specific odor.The molar mass of the substance is equal to 120.06 grams per mole, and its density - 2,472 grams per cubic centimeter.It melts at a temperature of +186 ° C.Upon heating the substance can be observed two polymorphic transition - at a temperature of +140 ° C and +170 ° C.
hydrogen sulfate can be reacted with alkali, passing in the reaction sulfate.Thus, by reacting it with sodium hydroxide to form sodium sulfate and water.When strong heating of the same material (up to +250 ° C or more) it is split on water and sodium pyrosulfate.
Normally sodium sulfate does not react with other substances, however, sintering occurs at a temperature greater than +450 ° C, it is capable of reacting with the salts and oxides.
practical value of this substance is great: it is used in nonferrous metallurgy (as a flux), it also acts as a reactant in the transfer oxides sulfates.It is a strong denaturing.Is widely used in cooking (officially registered as a food additive E514).
However, despite its importance in human life, sodium hydrogen sulfate can also be dangerous: being a strong alkali, it is a very corrosive substance, in contact with skin can leave severe burns, causing considerable damage and eye mucosa.The greatest danger is it from entering the gastrointestinal tract.It is also extremely harmful substance and inhalation of vapors.
Due to the negative impact of sodium hydrogen sulfate on the human body is a substance marked with the international symbol of the "Danger" is a square orange, divided by two diagonal black stripes.The sign that tells about the dangers of substance not only for humans but also for the environment, as well as the restrictions placed on its production.For
sodium hydrogen necessary to perform the reaction between concentrated sulfuric acid and sodium hydroxide, and sulfuric acid should be in excess.As a result, this reaction produces sodium bisulfate and water.
However, before getting to take on the substance, to get himself sodium.Preparation of sodium is not too complicated procedure, some of the methods are possible even in the home.
One of the earliest methods of producing a reduction reaction with sodium carbonate solution (Na2CO3) of coal at high temperature (around +1000 ° C).Its result is the production of pure sodium and the allocation of carbon monoxide.Carrying out this reaction was not too time-consuming, but due to the release of carbon monoxide, it is very dangerous.
therefore invented another way of receipt - the electrolysis of molten sodium chloride.The advantage of this method is not only its relative safety, but smaller than the reduction temperature of the heating agent: +600 ° C instead +1000 ° C.It is this method can be used at home - unless, of course, there is the possibility of heating of sodium chloride (common salt) to a specified temperature.
On the basis of sodium - the most chemically active element of the periodic table - get congeners sodium hydrogen sulfate, and not least for mankind.This substance - sodium hydrosulfide, hydrogen sulfide and acid salt solution.It represents white crystals denoted formula NaHS.Is obtained by passing it through a solution of sodium sulfide is hydrogen sulfide and hydrogen sulfide by passing through sodium hydroxide solution.
sodium hydrosulfide reacts with alkalis and acids, is easily oxidized by oxygen.When melting becomes black.It is used widely: a part of the means used to remove excess layers of skin, is common in the textile industry, it is used as a raw material for the production of many colors, butifos.
