all existing human knowledge (for example, chemical and physical properties of objects, the device of all things, etc.) are the result of the work of the human psyche.The leading role in this process is played by cognitive processes that have different levels of complexity.
Each of them has its own characteristics and special organization, making a unique contribution to the dynamic and holistic view of the world.Cognitive processes occur simultaneously, but interact seamlessly and invisibly to the human.
special role belongs to the sensor system, which is a screen projecting the world in all the richness of forms and colors in our minds.Learning starts with the individual sensations (visual, auditory, taste and so on. D.).But thanks to the perception of them add up to a variety of images.Each person has a large number of them.
Speaking of ontogenesis, these cognitive processes (sensation and perception) are leading from birth to two or three years.But for the formation of an image of the world that is not enough, as well as the memory is very important - the human capacity that is associated with the ability to store, retain, recall, recognize and remember a variety of information.After the birth of the baby in the mind there is the so-called genetic information, through which it develops in the first years of life.But the memory will allow him to learn and socialize, "soaking up" the results of a human achievement.Very quickly, the child will master all that he will be essential for a full life.
But cognitive processes "head" thinking, which is understood as due to social and inextricably linked with speech psychic phenomenon, characterized by a mediated and generalized reflection of interactions and relationships between different objects.That mindset helps the younger man to analyze the images produced and formed, making up bit by bit image of the world.This process goes through several stages in ontogenesis.
the initial phase (three years) cognitive processes are "under the influence" of visual-active thinking.The child perceives the world by manipulating surrounding objects due to the complex sensation, perception, memory, and primary (external) action.
In the second phase (from three to six to seven years) begins the formation of spatial visualization ability.External actions, perceptions of objects and phenomena of the world internalized, that is moving into the internal plan of action.As a result, the child is now able to think in images, creating a picture of the world.
But to do it right and structured, have a growing person begins to develop verbal and logical thinking, it helps to understand the nuances and patterns of the world.
modify the same and make it more vivid and creative imagination to help, which is intended to generate new images of the world.
Psychology of cognitive processes will be incomplete if you do not allocate significant role of attention.It is what helps a person to focus on different aspects of reality.
development of cognitive processes necessary to start from the first days after birth.At the same time there should be a state of psychic deprivation (this is the basic principle).This requires the presence of bright, varied experiences and impressions, as well as the constant change of occupations and activities.Adults need to be borne in mind that the best way to accomplish this is to play.
