big role in defending national economic interests to play an active business associations, their reasonable weighted citizenship, aimed, on the one hand, dialogue with the government, and on the other - the willingness firmly defend their legitimate rights.In the area of food security, one of the determining factors of this relationship is the economic efficiency of grain production.
in an economy of innovation, modern trends of globalization and internationalization of the economy efficiency of grain production, and the problem of supply in general, remains unsolved.Moreover, in today's Internet community, the presence of numerous information on international processes of production and consumption, including food, remains unresolved problem of information support of production management of such an important type of product, as food and feed grains.
Our study purports to show the world of science and practice as obviously solvable, and is today the actual production efficiency in the agricultural sector of the economy and an information task of assessing the most important trends in the world grain market.Only after solving this class, you can honestly do other tasks in the management of social systems.
Back in the early fall of 2010, experts from FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations) reported that the food crisis is not expected, although international food markets are volatile, as the effectiveness of falls in food production.However, the global trend of sharp jump in food prices in late 2010 and early 2011 forced the organization of experts to speak about a new food crisis.The latest report of the FAO in this sense is disappointing.World prices in the food sector reached a record milestone in January 2011, when the FAO index increased over the month by 3.4% to $ 231 item.
Strengthen anticipation of such a crisis today and emerging trends in the world grain market, and the corresponding efficiency in the agricultural processing enterprises.
Underlying this view is the obvious impact of the global grain market on the capabilities of most other segments of the global food market, where the grain is used as a raw material (flour, cereals, etc.) or as feed for livestock and poultry rearing.
If we talk about today, the most important emerging trends in the world grain market, they are, according to the authors, as follows.
main grain producers - China and India - are increasingly becoming importers of wheat and corn.This is due to the following reasons:
- shape in recent years, rising demand for food in these countries due to rising incomes of the population;
- backlog of grain production in these countries, the growth of domestic consumption;
- deterioration in these countries in recent years, the natural conditions in the regions of commodity grain production.
is true that both countries enhance attention to the national grain production:
- China has invited the country's largest Asian companies involved the organization of the commercial cultivation of maize, attracts international experience to establish a modern enterprise for the production of forage harvesters and improve on their efficiency.
- India so far failed to solve the problem of more efficient use of their acreage, which make up about 10% of the world wedge.This, above all, the impossibility of mechanization of agricultural production, when one farm has an average of 1.5 hectares of arable land.
main exporters of grain, according to experts of the International Grains Council, will not be able in the coming years to increase production of the main crops of the world market - wheat, corn and rice.
trend has manifested itself in the grain-exporting countries of the southern hemisphere (Australia, Argentina), it shows that the yields of crops in exporting countries in the 2012/2013 year, the sowing may be low due to weather reasons.
In some countries-exporters of grain from the northern hemisphere for reasons of last year's poor weather conditions and organizational unable to create reserves for planting high quality seed.
Some exporting countries rose significantly in late 2011, prices for grain from reserves previous years and has not been able to profitably sell it.
number of exporting countries (Russia, Ukraine) prohibit or restrict the export of its grain, which also leads to higher prices in the grain market.
summarize identify important trends in the grain market, it is possible to formulate some conclusions:
- grain supply on the world market in 2012 will fall, but the demand will naturally grow more;
- most grain importers will not be able to ease the need for grain imports at the expense of domestic production growth of natural and economic conditions, but the currency reserves to increase purchases from them will be absent;
- there is a situation where exporters can not provide the requested amount of cheap grain, and importing countries will not be able to buy because of the high cost of all the proposed amount of grain;
- in fact, the problem is the inability to grow and to offer developing countries importing grain at a cost that for a large part of the world's grain to achieve the agreed price in the international market;
- weather conditions in 2012, as in previous years, will be mainly negative effect on the results of grain production.
