structure of the market economy as an economic system depends on what principle underlies the division.This can occur, for example, on a functional basis, based on the purpose and nature of its elements.Then the structure of the world economy is as follows:
1. Man.It is both a goal and a means of the economy.The goal, because it works for the wealthy.A tool because the individual work - the main resource of the economy.
2. Natural resources.This is all that is given to people in a natural way: minerals, water, flora, air, fauna, light and heat of the sun.Also nature - a habitat for humanity.
3. The means of production.These are the products of the activity of individuals who help make new products.
4. Consumer Products.This is all that is necessary for people to meet personal needs.
5. Infrastructure.These are objects that provide vital functions of the human and normal functioning of production.
economic structure can be formed in other ways.This approach depends on the subject.For example, it is possible to represent this science as a set of related industries together.
In this case, the branch structure of the economy consists of two areas of industrial activity.Each of them includes a number of objects that perform their functions, using different technologies.
This branch of material production and immaterial (in other words, the socio-cultural sphere).The main difference between them is the starting material.At branches of socio-cultural sphere, he is presented by such abstract concepts as the intellectual, spiritual, information.A product of material production - is real.The two spheres are dismembered for another number of additional sectors.The main area of material production - this industry.Products manufactured by it in the developed countries, five times higher than that produced by agriculture.This includes the extraction and processing of raw materials, production of energy and materials.Industry - is megaotrasl, which is divided into the following types:
- mining;
- light;
- processing;
- engineering.Last
also divided into several smaller industries (eg, automotive, instrumentation, shipbuilding, etc.).
When the structure of the economy is based on the industry, it should be remembered that the term "sector of the economy" is ambiguous.He has several definitions:
1) industry is "clean", consisting of a total production of one type of product;
2) economic sector - it is the company which mainly produces industry-specific product;
3) administration - a few companies that are subject to the same administrative authority (eg Ministry).
Next structure of the economy - regional.It divides the country into several parts, based on a territorial basis.This means that its economic targets are those that are located in a particular region.
Of course, the regional economy is directly related to the natural resources area.However, this does not mean that it is identical to the administrative division adopted in the country.After all, it is impermanent, subject to change, and the economy, however, remains the same.Moreover, even objects remain in place, except that the name change.That is the definition of "regional" wider.It includes the traditions of the nation and its history, labor and natural resources, communications with the residents, with the state, and in some matters with the political system and society.
So the concept of "territorial economy" is not only and not so much geographical as state and nation.Also, it is not completely closed.Within the boundaries of the region's labor force is moved, used the resources of other areas, from one place to another, carrying loads.
