many flaws in the monetary sphere can be avoided by measures such as the devaluation, the exchange of money, the denomination.However, all these measures do not cause long-term improvements do not eliminate the reasons that caused these or other shortcomings.
radical elimination of negative phenomena is a monetary reform.This process provides for transition to a sustainable, stable monetary unit, which contributes to the development of economic relations in a market economy.At the same time increases the value and finance the organization of the national economy.
monetary reform carried out in accordance with the applicable legislation.They are aimed at strengthening public finances.During the transformation occurs impaired withdrawal of banknotes, instead of coming out with new banknotes.Changes and currency (or gold content), made the transition from one financial system to another.In this transformation take place in cash circulation and non-cash transactions.
should be noted that the currency reform does not guarantee the future sustainability of the financial unit.After the implementation of reforms necessary to conduct regular activities to promote the new system.Considerable importance is the financial and credit policy.Its use allows to make the necessary regulation of the financial industry.
According to the historical experience of reform and taking into account changes in the content itself, there are three basic prerequisites for the success of monetary reform.
- To maintain the financial unit is paramount production growth.It contributes to the volume of proposals and limits the likelihood of price increases.
- no deficit in the budget avoids the issue of money and attract loans to cover expenses.Due to the limited purchasing power and its impact on the likelihood of price increases.
- With sufficient foreign exchange reserves to maintain a stable exchange rate of the national currency.These provisions, if necessary, can be used to import goods and to increase their supply in the market.
Of course, all these factors have a different meaning during the different financial reforms.
example, the first monetary reform in Russia 1895-97 years was held against the backdrop of growth in production and nearly balanced budget.However, due to the fact that the conversion at the time suggested the free exchange of banknotes for gold, the accumulation of gold reserves has acquired a special significance.
In 1922-24 years was held a new monetary reform in the country.Conversions were to eliminate the negative effects of prevailing in the financial system after the First World and the Civil War.At the same time prerequisites for the successful implementation of the changes were absent.However, certain conditions were formed, demanding the immediate holding reforms.These conditions consist in increasing the functioning of the foreign currency in circulation.Gradually she began to supplant depreciating national currency.In connection with this conversion were launched by the end of the 22-year issue of gold pieces.Completed this monetary reform (in the absence of certain conditions) not once, but only the beginning of the 24th year.
following changes in the financial system in the country were carried out in 1947.It should be noted that the original change was supposed to begin in 1946.But due to the bad year currency reform postponed to next year, which was fruitful and contributed to the success of its implementation.
need for these reforms occurred in Russia in the late 20th century.At the time value of money in human life and activity of the enterprises was rather low.As a result, in 1998, it changed the course of the national currency, the denomination held.
