theory concerning such an important subject of the English language, as an active and passive voice, which, incidentally, in the Russian language are called a little differently - valid and passive voice - it's quite a difficult theoretical question, especially for those who are just beginning to explore,absolutely, as for those who know him mediocre.
First of all, I propose to give a definition to grammatical term deposit.This concept includes a special form of the verb, indicating whether the subject performs an action themselves (acting as a subject), or is the subject has an effect.
Here are some examples:
- Active (Russ. Valid) pledge: The girls are planting flowers.Girls are thrown flowers.
- Passive (Russ. Passive) pledge: The flowers are being planted by girls.- Flowers sit the girls.
active and passive voice in the English language are fairly common, so you can not make a special emphasis on any one, saying that without the second, you can easily manage.
basic rule is as follows:
If the subject in a sentence is the subject of the action, the verb, the verb used in the asset.
example, My ex-boyfriend wrote me this strange note.My ex young man wrote to me this strange note.
If the proposal is subject to the object of action, the predicate verb is used in the passive.
example, This strange note was written by my ex-boyfriend.This strange note was written by my ex-boyfriend.
Active and passive voice are different ways of education, as if to say more precisely, the passive voice is constructed from the corresponding time of the actual form of the following formula: the verb be (in the appropriate time) + III verb form (past participle).
In practice, this will look like:
Group simple English times Simple (passive voice):
- Present Simple: A little noisy boy is examined by doctor.The little boy looks around the bustling doctor (meaning regular).
- Past Simple: Yesterday a little noisy boy was examined by doctor.Yesterday the little boy looked around the bustling doctor.
- Future Simple: Tomorrow a little noisy boy'll be examined by doctor.Tomorrow the doctor will look around a little noisy boy.
Group long British times Continuous (passive voice):
- Present Continuous: A little noisy boy is being examined by doctor.Little noisy boy currently inspected doctor.
- Past Continuous: A little noisy boy was being examined by doctor from 6 to 7 yesterday.Yesterday a little noisy boys from 6 to 7 hours examining doctor.
Group achievements of British times Perfect (passive voice):
- Present Perfect: A little noisy boy has been examined by doctor already.Little boy already looked busy doctor.
- Past Perfect: A little noisy boy had been examined by doctor by 12 o'clock yesterday yesterday to 12 hours a bustling little boy had looked the doctor.
- Future Perfect: A little noisy boy will have been examined by doctor by 12 o clock tomorrow tomorrow 12 o'clock the doctor a little boy is already busy inspection.
As you can probably already noticed the obvious fact that a group of long-time of achievements Perfect Continuous, as well as the future.a long time Future Continuous passive (passive) pledge not used.
Iewe have seen that the passive and active voice have a different number of temporary forms, and if their asset 12, the passive is allowed to use four fewer, only 8.
Passive voice is used when the attention was focused on the person or object onwho directed the action.Typically, the subject of this action, and if specified, are rare.
example,
Our institute was founded 150 years ago.Our institute was founded 150 years ago.
The proposal Institute - is the object of action, which is expressed by the predicate (he founded);and it is about him and are concerned and not on the identity of the founder.
If necessary, the subject of the action can be transferred and expressed its complement by the preposition by (not a translation, but transforms the following word in Instrumental) or with (in translation from English means "to," "with" "using").
example,
They were invited by my best friend.They were invited by my best friend.
As I said above, the active and passive voice in the English language is used equally often.Although if you draw a parallel with the Russian, then it's safe to say that in our language passive voice is used much less frequently.
In this article I will try to summarize one of the most difficult topics.Finally, I would like to give advice to all beginners to learn a foreign language.Remember, active and passive voice - a concept that not only require the full understanding of learning, but also a long and painstaking perfection in practice.
