term "ellipse", which is used both in the literary and music, derived from the Greek word ellipsis, which translates as "loss" or "descended".
definition of "ellipsis" in literary
If there is a deliberate loss of speech or that part of the sentence (subject, predicate, and others.), Then we are dealing with so-called ellipsis.For what it is and does not change if the point of all proposals from the absence of one of its members?Ellipsis - a stylistic device, which is found both in writing and orally types of speech.This is done in order to make the proposal of expression, expression, and so sometimes intrigue. D.
Ellipsis and impersonal sentences.What is the difference?
However, not always the omission of a member of the sentence is a syntactic figure (stylistic device).For example, incomplete sentences, typical of everyday speech in which there is the omission of one of the main parts of the sentence, in most cases are not the ellipsis."When exactly?"- You ask.The fact is that in incomplete sentences, though there is a lack of one of its principal members, but it was done unintentionally.And when there is an ellipsis in the text (a stylistic figure), that this omission has a specific purpose or serves to enhance the effect, but without distorting the common thought.By the way, in contrast to the simple impersonal sentences in the case of ellipsis omitted not only the principal but also the secondary parts of the sentence.
Ellipsis literature
This figure of speech in literary works, whether prose or poetry, writers used to get the reader to invent intentionally missed a phrase or a single word.This technique helps to engage the reader, albeit after the fact, in the creative process of this work.
Examples ellipse
Here are some examples of the stylistic figures:
- " her he says one thing, and to us - totally different" . The proposal omitted the predicate (the main part of the sentence, indicating the action to be), butsense told us to fully understand.
- "... Big Bear disheveled, Tatiana ah! and he is roaring ..." In this case, Pushkin used to enhance the effect of stylistic figures of speech ellipsis. This is in the literature, especially in the poetic genre, used quitefrequently. This is not only happening omission of one of the parts of the sentence, but his replacement interjection "ah", which is also an ellipsis.
- "... Walk at the wedding, because - the latter it! " These lines belonging to Tvardovsky, skippedthe word "that".
- " Her life was longer than mine." But here there is a minor omission of the sentence, further, which is expressed by a noun in the nominative case .
way, if an ellipsis - is in Russian omission of one of the components of the sentence, the words, in English and in some other languages it is called an ellipsis.
Ellipticity
concept, which is directly linked to this term is called "ellipticity".This is a very interesting stylistic device.It is based on an ellipse.This figure syntax (this was already mentioned above), which is expressed in a passage of words and phrases in a sentence, and even sentences in the text.Colloquially gaps occur due to the fact that the known details of the interlocutors threads around which the dialogue is being, or have become known during the conversation, from the previous replica.Sometimes, along with the missing words in a speech that is "swallowing" words, the parties are in a conversation with gestures, meaningful glances, shrug, and so on. D. This method is also used in the theater.There are concealed intentionally whole sentences and the audience you need to connect your mind to understand what lies behind the silence of the actors.
Types of ellipsis
skip words, or so-called "default" can be of different types.
- Indirect .This kind of ellipsis is found in the works when not calling this or that subject, the conversation revolves around him, and everyone knows what is at stake.This technique is often used in dramatic works, such as in the plays, and so on. D.
- Situational .In this case, the ellipsis - is not just a loss of a certain word or phrase, and its compensation is non-verbal means of communication - gestures or interjections, exclamations: ah-ah, oh-oh, oh-oh, and so on. D.
- Psychological.Here, silence can be interpreted as a hint or omission, secret, and so on.. In the case where the interlocutors are not two, but several, some of them may assume them wanting something intentionally hide, and this may lead toundesirable results.On the other hand, the psychological aspect of this figure of speech that two or more are very close to each other person can speak polufrazami, "swallow" the Proposal, the will understand each other even without words.This contributes to their spiritual closeness.
Other species ellipse
terms of word formation ellipsis is substantive, such as the free-kick → penalty (lowered ground floor, is the definition) and adjectival - scarecrow in the garden → Scarecrow (here, on the contrary, falls definition).
types ellipse
In linguistics, there are many types of ellipsis.At the same time linguists consider this technique unproductive way compressive derivation.The fact that in this proposal there is an ellipsis, you can see from the context.Below is a list of the types of ellipsis in the proposals.
- Stripping.
- Gepping.
- Psevdogepping.
- Slusing.
- Ellipsis group name.
- Ellipsis verb phrase.
- Comparative ellipsis.
- Ellipsis in answering the question.
- zero anaphora and other additions.
Ellipsis music
As noted above, the term is used in linguistics and music.In both cases the ellipsis - is approximately the same within the meaning of the concept.And if it means literary omission of a word, phrase or proposals to enhance the effect of the foregoing, the term refers to the music that the expected replacement of the chord to any other, which does not have a functional consequence of the first chord.In addition to this definition can be given to both.According to him the elliptical revolution, which happens to be in music or vnutritonalnym or module, can also be characterized as one of the missing links of harmony or the expected chord.
As already mentioned, there are ellipses in harmony vnutritonalnymi and modulated.What does this mean?Let us consider each separately.
- Vnutritonalny ellipse formed of chords that its sequence contrary to the logic of this kind of fret.
- modulating the ellipsis otherwise known as melodic and harmonic modulation.It occurs as a result of the collision of several unstable chords.Often they are discordant and are in different keys, but the current voice-connected smoothly, which, however, has no obvious functional linkages.
conditionally divided into four kinds of collisions of dissonant chords (those who are familiar with the musical instrument, will understand what is at stake):
- SS (they meet at the Franz Liszt, for example, in the work of "Joy and sorrow").
- DD (this technique liked to use "great deaf" - LV Beethoven, for example, in his "Sonata number 2").
- S-D.
- DS (E. Grieg - the product of a "fresh as a spring you").
way, elliptical modulation tends to be sudden, since it interact unrelated pitch.In addition to the ecliptic, in music, there are other types of modulation and they are characteristic of the developing parts of musical forms.
