all angiosperms (flowering plants) are divided into monocots and dicots.The first class includes such families as the lily, onion, cereals, orchids, palms, aroids, sedge.The second also includes all the others, such as Rosaceae, Magnolia, pumpkin, walnut, birch and so on.Plants belonging to each of the above classes have in their structure the individual features.
cruciferous place in the classification of living things
All members of the cabbage family have the following position in the classification of living organisms:
- domain - eukaryotes;
- Kingdom - plants;
- department - angiosperms (flowering);
- class - bipartite;
- order - crucifers;
- family - cruciferous (cabbage).
Also this family, in turn, divided into clans.The genus name, which belongs to a species, often can be obtained from here with the latter.For example, cabbage belongs to the genus brassica (to it also is ranked and rape), field mustard - Mustard to the genus, and so on. D.
main features of cruciferous plants
These plants are called cabbage.This family has a total of about three thousand species.These include such plants as the core, turnip, mustard, lettuce, horseradish and other vegetables and herbs, as well as many weeds (such as shepherd's purse), some of them are very difficult to eradicate.Life form of this group range from herbs to shrubs or dwarf shrubs.The main features of cruciferous plants lies in the fact that they all have a flower, of which consists of four sepals, four petals, six stamens and one pistil.The fruit pod of cabbage is represented (at least - Silicula or nut), they can vary in size and shape.The seeds of rich oils, spread mainly by wind.By cruciferous with the fruit in the form of silicula are shepherd's purse, Field Thlaspi and others with nuts - tinctoria woad and eastern sverbigi.Cruciferous plants, like all other bipartite have leaves with a mesh type veining.The root system - rod, that is, has a strong main root and grow back on his side.The flowers are usually collected in inflorescence type brush.
Decorative cruciferous plants
This group can be attributed gillyflower.This plant has large flowers of different colors, gathered in the lush blossoms, height about 50 cm. They are grown in pots and in the open field.Also here can be attributed wallflower, who can often be found in the garden.In addition, there are some kinds of cabbage leaves with color, sometimes grown for ornamental purposes.
Poisonous plants of the cabbage family
Few people know what cruciferous plants are considered poisonous.To those include the same wallflower.This plant has long, narrow leaves and large deep yellow flowers, gathered in the inflorescence-brush.The wallflower juice contains toxic substances such as glycosides.When ingested, they have a negative effect on the circulatory system, directly to the heart muscle.
Cabbage in industry and agriculture
most famous, popular and frequently used in rural industry cruciferous vegetables - cabbage and cauliflower.They have a number of useful properties, in particular they contain rare vitamin - U and K are also here in large numbers are present vitamins B and C. Another advantage of cabbage is the absence of sucrose and starch, so it can be considered fully dietary product.It also contains many trace elements, among which nahvat magnesium, potassium, phosphorus, calcium, and iron core.Cabbage, particularly its juice, helps to effectively cleanse the body and improve liver and spleen (due to vitamin U, which, incidentally, contains more and turnips).Also include cruciferous there and forage crops, such as turnips, kale, rape.All are saturated with trace elements (phosphorus, sodium, calcium), vitamin B2, contain a number of proteins.Another stern cruciferous vegetables - turnips.In addition to these substances, it is also rich in vitamin C, but contains a minimal amount of trace elements.For the same purpose use ambrosia - a hybrid kale and rape.
more cruciferous plants are widely used in agriculture as oilseeds.This group can be attributed primarily canola seeds which are composed by fifty percent of the oils and mustard.First oil plants used only for technical purposes, for example, quenching the steel.The second - in the food industry: the production of canned food and margarine.As the vegetables except cabbage, often grown radishes, radish, as a seasoning using the same mustard, horseradish.On the beneficial properties of these plants is also worth remembering.Radish is rich in vitamins B, PP, C, calcium, iron, sodium, potassium, magnesium, phosphorus.In addition, it contains volatile.Horseradish contains nutrients such as vitamin C (in which it even more than lemon), PP, B, sodium, sulfur, potassium, phosphorus, iron;it is present in the leaves carotene.Radish - one of the most useful vegetables, it is rich in vitamin PP, B, C, carotene, lysozyme, pantothenic acid.
