Questions about the separate applications are quite common in the exam papers of the exam and the DPA, and many examinees are unable to properly respond to them.How to learn to find the offer in the application and correctly define it?
What is the application?
Under the application should be understood definition, which is expressed by a noun and is consistent with the defined word.The application can mean completely different quality items to provide information about the profession, nationality, age and many other signs of a person or object.
There are separate applications and segregated.The first should examine more closely what is to the second, here we can talk about proper names, which are combined with common nouns, as well as when for common nouns follow proper names.
Separate application: an example and analysis
common applications, which are expressed in a household with dependent noun and the words which themselves are common nouns can stand apart.Such applications are often located for defining words and very rarely in front of him.For example: "He joked more than his father, a man with gray whiskers."
In this case, the application "man with gray whiskers" refers to common nouns, so it stands apart by a comma.They can also stand apart structure of the type: "I told the engineer, who is also one of the developers of the engine, Igor Sikorsky."
Single application
application of non-proliferation can be detached if the noun is for a household, and if it is a noun bind to a variety of additional explanatory words.They fall into the speech is much less, so separate applications to find examples much easier.
Even rarer is the application can stand apart, but it is possible if it is for a single noun, and is used to enhance the semantic role of other applications, avoiding merger with qualifying words such as: "Father, the disabled, feed and clothe withan early age, and myself. "
Applications with hyphens
Separate common applications, examples of which can be found in a large number of reference works, can be attached to common nouns using a hyphen: mother-heroine, guys, teenagers, and so on.. Sometimes defisnoe writing becomes possible in the presence ofdetermining explanatory general nature of the proposal, it can refer to all or just saying one word.
Defisnoe writing is possible after the names of their own (often this occurs when you specify the geographical names), such as the Moscow River.There are cases where a hyphen is placed after the name of its own, it is possible when the application along with the name able to develop a common core of meaning, for example: Ivan Tsarevich.
When you can not put a hyphen when using the application?
There are cases where the application is used without the hyphen, for example, when it is equal in its lexical meaning to the adjective.Another principle is also used if a combination of two types of nouns common noun one of them is set to the generic concept, and the other - species (except terms).
If the application or defined the noun itself is written using a hyphen, an additional separation is not necessary.Next to the noun can stand just two uncommon application, in this case they also will not stand apart.
proposals with separate applications: examples
Those applications that are relevant to their own behalf, may stand apart from both sides when placed after the defined.For example: "This morning, Kataev, the driver of the first bus, said about yesterday's incident."If the application is to have a proper name and extension adverbial lexical meaning, it will stand apart: "Confident, Maxim remained so even in the most difficult situations."
Separate application, an example of which may look like a proper name of a person or animal, takes place in a sentence if has explanatory or is used to specify the common nouns: "Dog Masha, Rosalind did not like strangers and constantlyI am trying to protect them from his mistress. "Quite often, there can be two-fold punctuation, everything will depend on whether there is to offer an explanatory connotation or not.
+ Appendix unions
Separate application examples of proposals that often injected into a stupor inexperienced speakers, not really carries the special complexity.Thus, it can be attached by means of the union "as is" and combinations such as "by name", "alias" and so on.. For example: "Kate is a smart girl, I wanted to get the perfect bride."
If the union has a lexical meaning "as something", the turnover to be attached with the help of it, the application can not be considered, much less to detach from all the other commas.Also not segregate application having Union "as is" in the event that they describe an object from one side only.Separate application, an example of which can be found in the sentence, "He could not get used to it as an actress," will not stand by commas.
Appendix + pronoun
Separate consistent application, examples of which are sometimes difficult to understand, always stand next to the pronoun commas.In these cases, possible separation of different options.They will depend on the tone with which it was uttered, and the availability of pauses after pronouns.
comma can not be placed in those deals where Indicative particles together with the pronoun are the noun, but to the application.Writing in this case is controversial, is now the largest linguists who study the issue, trying to come to any consensus.
Complicated cases
Even if you know what a separate application (example sentences with it you are not afraid), be prepared for the fact that there will be different kinds of exceptions.For example, an application may be related to the word, which does not offer, but it is implied by the context.
This occurs most often in the absence of the pronoun in the sentence, it is usually suggested by the forms or personal predicate or other available means.For example: "Always, bitch, do not drink, and for such a case exactly drink."Use the form of the verb you can guess that the proposal is not "I".
dash instead of a comma in the isolation
In some cases, a separate application, examples of proposals that should be studied in preparation for the Unified state examination, can be allocated on a letter not a comma, but with a dash.This most often happens when an application can be inserted before any word without changing the overall meaning of the sentence.
also put a dash in front of the application that resides in the end of the sentence, subject to the fact that with the help of punctuation clarifies the nature of the application.The dash can be used to isolate applications that have explanatory.For example: "What a boring picture - the creation of a sad artist - halts the hole on the wallpaper."
Tyre placed as a punctuation mark in the case of separate application is a comma.For example: "With the help of special equipment for diving - scuba, anyone can dive into the depths of the ocean and take a closer look inhabitants of the seabed."
Separate application, an example of which is as follows: "At the meeting were made by leading experts - heads of departments," - in this case, expresses the specifying value of defined words having a common value of which can not be concluded, whom it referred.
proposals with separate applications, examples of which may look like this: "The main person department - Tatiana said that we do not go anywhere now," - constructed in such a way that the application is before the defined.A dash in this case acts as a tool to isolate applications.
dash can be used if the application is combined with a homogeneous member of proposals to clarify its meaning.For example: "During dinner, I met his father, mother, their daughter - Kate, two friends and grandchildren."This proposal is complicated by separate application, examples of which are very conservative, has no second dash.
also dash can be used to separate the uniform application, located in front of the defining words of each other.For example, "The author of hundreds of books, scripts, stories and fables - Alexei Petrovich suddenly decided to change activity, and became interested in parachuting and diving."
dash also can be used in the construction of the following type: "Pushkin - Bezrukov was great."In this case, the application is not isolated, but plays a role in the qualifying element of the subject.Proposition becomes clear that the role of the famous poet was performed no less famous actor.
Conclusion
Separate application, an example of which can help deal with a complex issue in the exam, in fact, is not too difficult to understand.If necessary, any student can use reference materials in the Russian language, to make sure that he really understands what the application is and how to correctly identify in any design.
before the examination is recommended to become familiar with reference books, work out the best options for specific applications and their work in the examples for better absorption of the material.
