Even the most avid moskvoved unable to give an exact number of monuments in the capital city of our country.Sculptures of various sizes decorated or spoil our capital.They are dedicated to legendary personalities and great historical events.The variety of them so large that it is impossible to describe all.From their pedestals stare at passers-known doctors, pilots, composers, revolutionaries, scientists, sculptors, rulers and even the founder of this beautiful city, which is our capital.
Until the middle of last century on Tverskaya Square in Moscow monuments were different, but their fate was not long before, as long as the main city in the country has not been decided to mark a special scale of its 800-year anniversary.In the postwar years, it was the first large-scale festival, which is also planned to make a dress rehearsal to another anniversary celebrations - the thirtieth anniversary of the October revolution.At the same time, and was founded by the monument to Yury Dolgoruky in Moscow, which still stands here and pleases the eye visitors and residents, as a landmark of the capital.
little history
It is considered that the capital city of our country was founded in 1147, but this date is only the first mention of it in the annals.In fact, historians were already aware of the fact that in this place there was a village at least two hundred years before Dolgoruky, so he found a prince could not.The only mystery is not solved up to now - is the construction of the settlement: whether it was erected with Yuri, or before.Nevertheless, this date has become traditional, and the figure of the prince paid special attention.
Create monument
year before the anniversary celebration by order of Stalin organized an expedition to the Ukrainian capital in order to find the remains of Yuri Dolgoruky.At the head of it was the anthropologist and archaeologist Gerasimov.According to the idea of the head of state, at the ceremony was to take place reburial of the ashes.But in the study of the place, which is considered the official burial of the prince, it was found that it was false.
In the same year was a competition for the best project that will be executed the monument to Yury Dolgoruky in Moscow.Despite the participation in it of outstanding sculptors of the country, it was the best Orlov, who was working mainly with fine porcelain sculpture and completely engaged in monumental sculpture.For this project the sculptor was awarded the Stalin Prize - the highest award at that time.
Career takeoff Orlova.Legend about the origin of the monument
the personal involvement of the leader's career an unknown artist began to develop rapidly.It happened in a very short period between the end of the Second World War and the beginning of the "cold".Legend has it that during the ongoing exhibition of folk art to the American ambassador liked clay rooster, authored by Orlov.Molotov gave him the toy, while the author has promised her to the local Palace of Pioneers.After the exhibition Orlov decided to find out the fate of his creation, and wrote a letter to the organizers of the exhibition, but the result of this correspondence not given.Therefore, Eagles sent a letter of complaint to Stalin.These events coincided with the omission of the Iron Curtain, and Molotov had made a great beating because he preferred the Soviet pioneers of the American diplomat.
Then the chief sculptor offered to do the project, which will fulfill the monument to Yury Dolgoruky in Moscow.But due to the fact that Orlov had no experience, he was attached to it, and Strain et al Antropov.
There is also a version that the author won the contest, and the draft of the sights of Moscow (photo taken in the article) really was the most successful.
Approval of the final version of the monument.Another legend
After careful examination of the model from the leader a question about why the prince sitting on the mare, not the stallion that would give the image of the founder of the capital of masculinity.As a result, the authors were immediately made all the necessary changes.In the days of Khrushchev, this story was a kind of continuation.
Bookmark
monument to Yury Dolgoruky Monument in Moscow was laid during the celebration of the 800th anniversary of the founding of the capital.Although the ceremony took place, the city will not soon see the monument, mostly because of the extremely quarrelsome nature Orlov.His co-authors were trying to convince him that the methods are not always useful in small plastic monumental art.In addition, the sculptor constantly clashed with the authorities, who against his will would be mentioned on the monument to the Soviet government, but here the author defended his point of view.And the funding was inadequate because of the outbreak at the time of several projects, among which was the construction of Stalin's skyscrapers.
monument to Yuri Dolgoruky.Opening
In a solemn ceremony only seven years since it was founded, the opening of the monument.It is made at Mytishchi plant, and the city budget, it cost five and a half million rubles.As historians have no reliable information about the appearance of the prince, thanks to the authors he appeared before us in the image of Russian heroes, the shield is a sign of St. George, and body armor.
Kostroma.History of the base
most striking and beautiful city, one of the representatives of the Golden Ring of the country, including the ancient cities of our country is in Kostroma.After just five years after the foundation of the future capital, it was built on the Volga because Yuri Dolgoruky.He proposed a version of the great historian Tatishchev, who linked the event with the active work of Prince in the north-east of the country.He laid the city during a hike in the land of Yuri Kazan Bulgars.But evidence pointing to the facts, there is, as there is no justification, and other versions of the formation of the city.
Scientists still can not come to a consensus as to the origin of the city name.Perhaps it comes from the name of the river Bonfire on which the present village.However, along with this there are other hypotheses.
Today Kostroma is a small but well-developed city, which is famous for light industries and other businesses.This city is rightly called the cradle of the royal dynasty, and it was here that the Snow Maiden was born.
monument to the founder of the city
In gratitude to its founder after the celebration of the 850th anniversary of the city was a monument to Yuri Dolgoruky, which is a recently-called Soviet, and now the area of the Ascension.This is truly a solemn and long-awaited moment took place thanks to the numerous sponsorship.
And this event was preceded by a visit of Patriarch Alexy II, who gave Kostroma capsule with soil taken from the burial place of Prince.At the site of the future monument was held a ceremony of laying the foundation stone, consecrated by Archbishop Alexander.After this event, many residents watched as zamirotochil laid monolith.
How does the monument to the founder of the Kostroma
Dimensions striking monument.It weighs four tons and height of the monument is four and a half meters.The material from which it is made - the bronze of the highest quality.The project, on which to create a monument to Yuri Dolgoruky (left photo) belongs to the eminent Moscow sculptor, known for his work (recovery "Worker and Collective Farm" monument Chaliapin) VM Tserkovnikov.His co-authors were Kadyberdeev artist and architect Morozov.
rather massive bronze sculpture, which is represented by interconnected welds fifteen parts were cast in the capital of Tatarstan.This work lasted more than two months.
monument represented as seated on the throne of the Grand Duke.Pointing to the fact that in the near future there will be a new city, it stretches in front of the right hand.Like the cross, his left hand holding a sword Dolgoruky, emphasizing that he came here as a conqueror, but not a warrior.Cap of Monomakh's head adorns the prince.In the sun shimmers and shines a monument like the cast of gold.This effect is achieved thanks to a special sand-blasting method, which is a special cleaning sand.
Today, the area in which there is a monument to Yuri Dolgoruky in Kostroma, is the most popular place for both townspeople and guests of the city.
