With the development of civilization, humanity began attack on nature so active that many plant and animal species are under threat of extinction.Therefore, in the middle of the last century at the International Conference on the Protection of Nature it was decided to encourage countries to make special lists and arrange their covers in red, as a signal of alarm.
What is the Red Book?
Around the same years, a Red Book of Russia.Plants and animals listed in its first edition, in need of urgent protection measures and special efforts to conserve their habitats at the federal level.In the 90s of the last century began to be created such books regions and territories of Russia.Thus, each region had the opportunity to watch over the preservation of natural diversity on its territory.
now the world's more than 20 thousand species of animals, birds and plants are on the verge of extinction.The International Red Book listed more than 25% of existing mammals, 50% of amphibians, over 13% of birds and more than 33% of corals.
Russian Red Book is published not less than 1 time in 10 years.Between editions by the State Committee for Ecology is working on updating the lists, which then become part of the next edition.
This is not just a list of
Red Book of Russia - not just an illustrated edition, which describes the rare and endangered species.It can be called program of activities to restore the populations, because it gathered many years of experience and concrete facts accumulated zoologists, hunters and just connoisseurs of nature.
wealth of scientific information, a description of the risks and lots of advice on conservation of nature - all Red Book of Russia.Photos and illustrations help to better understand the nature of his native land and the opportunity to help her escape.This is the main mission of publishing - in the rescue of endangered species of plants and animals and restoring rare.History shows that it is possible, when their efforts are combined government agencies, public interest organizations, different experts and enthusiastic amateurs.
Who shall establish and maintain this edition?
Red Book of Russia - the fruit of the labor of many organizations, various commissions, laboratories and scientists.After all, to credibly claim that a plant or animal is on the brink of extinction, it is necessary to spend a lot of research work.At the very beginning of its drafting involved more than 100 institutions and organizations, including the Russian Academy of Sciences, government agencies, scientists from the reserves and protected areas, and schools.
Now there is a paper and electronic Red Book of Russia.Animals and plants at risk are presented in more detail - in the electronic version has a lot more information and thematic contextual links, which you can go to the database reserves and other interesting sites.
Plants and animals - candidates for the list of books
Red Book of Russia includes 6 sections according to the degree of threat type:
№ 0 - probably extinct;
№ 1 - Endangered;
№ 2 - dwindling in numbers;
№ 3 - rare;
№ 4 - uncertain status;
№ 5 - restores and regenerates.
To simplify the perception of information under sections reasonable place in tabular form
Red Book of Russia - a category of objects
| № | Category | value category |
| 0 | probably extinct | Species that have not met the researchers in the last 50-100 years. |
| 1 | Endangered Species | , whose numbers declined almost to a critical level at which it simply can not recover unless urgent action is taken. |
| 2 | declining in number | Those species, which in recent years have had a strong tendency to a decrease in population and may soon move into the category of "endangered." |
| 3 | Rare Species with a small number who are on a limited area or there are large areas, but in very small groups. | |
| 4 | uncertain status | These types or do not fit the criteria for the other categories, or it does not have sufficient scientific data.However, special measures of protection they still need. |
| 5 | renewable and restore | Forms, which are the size and spread of the territory thanks to the measures taken or to natural causes have reached a level where they are no longer to require urgent conservation measures and recovery of the population. |
Risk factors for the living world
What happens to all the flora and fauna of Russia was not included in the list under the red cover?
International environmental organizations see a way to reduce the risks of global warming, reduction of emissions of CO2, the prevention of accidents with oil spills, minimize pollutant emissions into the atmosphere by industrial enterprises and metropolitan areas, anti-poaching and use of protected areas are not for its intended purpose.Then, in a few decades it will be possible to make all the Red Books of museum exhibits.
the meantime to fill at least part of the population of rare species, as calculated by environmentalists, have to nearly half a billion dollars, and the lists of endangered plants and animals continue to grow.
