science that studies the thermal phenomena - is thermodynamics.Physics sees it as one of its sections, which allows to draw some conclusions based on the presentation of material in the form of a molecular system.
Thermodynamics, determining which are built on a foundation of facts obtained by experiment, does not use the accumulated knowledge about the internal structure of matter.However, in some cases, the science uses molecular-kinetic model to illustrate their findings.
Prop thermodynamics - the general laws of the processes occurring at the change of thermal energy, as well as the macroscopic properties of the system, which is considered a state of balance.The most significant phenomena in complex materials is leveling the temperature characteristics of all its parts.
most important thermodynamic concept is the internal energy possessed by any body.It lies in the element.Molecular kinetic interpretation of internal energy is the value representing the sum of the kinetic activity of molecules and atoms, as well as the potential of their interaction with each other.Hence the law is open Joule.His confirmation came multiple experiments.They have proved that, in particular, has an ideal gas the internal energy is the sum of the kinetic activity of all its particles, which are in a chaotic and random motion under the influence of heat.
work in thermodynamics alters the activity of the body.Impact forces affecting the internal energy of the system can have both positive and negative.In cases where, for example, gaseous subjected to the compression process, which is carried in a cylindrical pressure vessel piston forces acting on it, perform some work, characterized by a positive value.Simultaneously, the opposite is happening.Gas performs on acting on the piston a negative work of the same value.Actions manufactured substance, are directly dependent on the area of the existing piston, moving it, and the pressure of the body.Work in thermodynamics, which takes gas is positive as it expands, and at a compression - negative.The value of this action is in direct proportion to the way in which the transition has been made of matter from the initial position to the end.
work in thermodynamics of solids and liquids is characterized by the fact that they only slightly change the volume.In this regard, the forces are often neglected.However, the result of the commission of the substance of the work may be a change in its internal activity.For example, when drilling metal and there is an increase of temperature.This fact is a testament to the growth of internal energy.However, this process is irreversible, since it can not conduct in the opposite direction.
work in thermodynamics refers to its basic physical quantities.Its measurement is made in Joules.The value of this indicator is directly dependent on the way in which the system passes from the initial to the final state.This action does not apply to the functions of state bodies.It is a function of the process.
work in thermodynamics, the definition of which is done by having the formula, is the difference between the amount of supplied heat and allotted in the period of the closed loop.The magnitude of the index depends on the type of process.If the system loses its energy, it means that the positive effect is made, and if it turns out - is negative.
