Memory - this is a unique phenomenon that allows a person not to be constantly in a state of the newborn.So full of his ability to live in will only be possible if the correct functioning mental process.
There are many hypotheses and trends that could help explain the phenomenon of memory.They were formed over many years of studying it.But a unified theory of memory does not exist, and include the following:
- information-cybernetic;
- physiological;
- biochemical;
- chemical;
- physical.
All psychological theory of memory developed in two big ways.
First, associative.It is based on the following postulate: if a certain formation in the human psyche arise in the mind at the same time or one after the other, then a clear association between them.It resurfaces when any of the data elements in the consciousness caused complete view of all the system elements.
Second, the theory of activity, according to which, it is the memory will be the factor that determines the formation of all processes.First, will form the connection between the memory material and activities that makes people.This activity is determined by the storage and preservation, reproduction of memorized information.
consider in more detail the basic theory of memory.
physical memory theory was based on the following postulates:
- nerve impulse, which passes through a special group of nerve cells that can cause the point of contact mechanical and electrical changes;
- they leave behind physical evidence;
- because of these changes is provided by the re-passage of the pulse on the same path;
- occurs as a result of storage material.
theory of memory also include chemical concept .It is based on the following provisions:
- any information able to be remembered because of chemical changes in the nerve cells;
- is carried out under the influence of external stimuli;
- begins to occur as a result of rearrangement of the protein molecules in the neurons, particularly in nucleic acid molecules;
- DNA - the carrier of the genetic memory of RNA - individual.
theories of memory were supplemented biochemical concept .The basic tenets of her are as follows:
- has a two-stage nature of memory;
- at the primary level in the brain is briefly every second reaction system causes physiological changes;
- they have a reversible character and act as a mechanism for short-term memory;
- in the second stage (biochemical), the formation of new proteins (protein);
- the last stage of irreversible changes in the neurons, they form long-term memory.
Theories include memory physiological theory , which is based on the concept of IPPavlova.The basic postulate is that there are specific laws in GNI and in an act of memory is only a conditioned reflex.Because of this the formation of new connections between the information and the content that was previously recorded in memory.
information-cybernetic theory of memory was formed when there was a computer engineering and software development.This required a constant search for ways how to receive, process and store information machine.As a result of required technical and algorithmic modeling of memory processes that occur in the human brain.
Concepts took shape a lot, and each has its own "rational kernel".
