At all times, the yellow press raised their ratings due to different news with a mystical, catastrophic, provocative or revealing character.Recently, however, more and more people are beginning to frighten the various natural disasters, end of the world, and so on.. In this article we will talk about a natural phenomenon, which at times borders on mysticism - a warm current of El Niño.What is it?This question is often asked by people on various Internet forums.Let's try to answer it.
natural phenomenon El Niño
1997-1998.It was played on the planet, one of the largest ever recorded natural disasters related to this phenomenon.This mysterious phenomenon caused a stir and attracted the attention of the world media, and his name - El Niño.What is this phenomenon tell encyclopedia.If expressed in scientific language, the El Niño - a set of changes in chemical and thermobaric parameters of the atmosphere and ocean, taking the nature of the disaster.As you can see, it is very difficult to grasp the definition, therefore try to examine it through the eyes of an ordinary person.In the references mentioned that El Niño is a mere warm current, which sometimes occurs off the coast of Peru, Ecuador and Chile.The nature of the emergence of this trend, scientists can not explain.The name itself was a phenomenon of the Spanish language and means "baby".El Nino got its name because it appears only at the end of December and coincides with the Catholic Christmas.
normal situation
In order to understand the full nature of this anomalous phenomenon, first consider the normal climatic situation in this region of the planet.Everyone knows that the mild weather in Western Europe defines the warm Gulf Stream, in the Pacific Ocean as the Southern Hemisphere sets the tone for the Peruvian Antarctic cold.Prevailing winds are the Atlantic - the trade winds that blow in the western South American coast, crossing the Andes highland leave any moisture on the eastern slopes.As a result, the western part of the continent is a stony desert, where rain is extremely rare.However, when the trade winds are gaining a much moisture that it can be transferred through the Andes, they form is a powerful surface current, which causes the surge of water off the coast.Attention of specialists attracted enormous biological activity of the region.Here, in a relatively small space, annual production of fish exceeds 20% of the world.This leads to increase in the region eating birds.And in their places of accumulation concentrates enormous mass of guano (droppings) - a valuable fertilizer.In some places, the thickness of its layers is 100 meters.These deposits have been the object of industrial production and exports.
catastrophe
Now consider what happens when a warm current of El Niño.In this case, the situation changes dramatically.An increase in temperature leads to mass mortality of fish and care and, as a consequence, birds.Further there is a drop in atmospheric pressure in the eastern Pacific Ocean, clouds appear, the trade winds subside, and the wind changed its direction to the opposite.As a result, on the western slopes of the Andes raining down torrents of water, there are raging floods, floods, mudflows.And on the opposite side of the Pacific - Indonesia, Australia, New Guinea - it begins a terrible drought, leading to forest fires and the destruction of agricultural crops.But this El Niño is not limited to: from the Chilean coast of California, and to begin to develop "red tides" caused by the growth of microscopic algae.It would seem that everything is clear, but the nature of the phenomenon is not completely clear.Thus, the appearance of the warm waters of oceanographers believe the result of the change of the winds, the winds shift and meteorologists to explain the heating of water.Here's a El Niño.What is this vicious circle?But let's look at some of the circumstances that have missed experts-climatologists.
decontamination scenario El Niño
What is this phenomenon that helped geologists to understand.For simplicity, we try to move away from the perception of specific scientific terms, and tell all the popular language.It turns out that El Niño forms in the ocean on one of the most active areas of geological rift system (breaking of the crust).From the depths of the planet active hydrogen is released, which is reaching the surface, it forms a reaction with oxygen.Consequently, there is a heat which warms and water.Moreover, this also leads to the appearance of ozone holes over the region, which also contributes to a more intense heat ocean solar radiation.Rather, the role of the Sun is decisive in this process.All this leads to an increase in vapor pressure drop, with the result that the cyclone is formed.
biological productivity
Why in this region such a high biological activity?Scientists estimate that it complies with plenty of "fertilize" the ponds in Asia and more than 50 times greater than in other parts of the Pacific Ocean.Traditionally, it is made to explain the wind ebbs warm waters from the shore - upwelling.In this process, the cold water enriched with nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus), rises from the depths.But when a warm current El Nino, upwelling is interrupted, so that birds and fish die or migrate.It would seem that everything is clear and logical.However, many scientists are not telling.For example, the mechanism for lifting water from the depths of the ocean a little "far-fetched".Scientists make measurements of temperature at different depths, orientated perpendicular to the coast.Then plotted (isotherm), comparing the level of the coastal and deep waters, and that makes the above conclusions.However, the measurement of the temperature in coastal waters is not valid, because we know that their cold Peruvian picked over.Yes, and the process of constructing the isotherms across the coastline is incorrect, because the prevailing winds blow along it.
But geological version fits easily into this scheme.It has long been known that the mass of water in the region is very low oxygen content (the reason is a geological fracture) - lower than anywhere in the world.And the upper layers (30), on the contrary, abnormally rich them due Peruvian current.That that's the layer (over the rift zones) and create unique conditions for the development of life.When it appears during El Niño in the region intensified degassing, and a thin surface layer is saturated with methane and hydrogen.This leads to death of living creatures, and not the lack of fodder.
Red tides
However, with the onset of an ecological catastrophe life here does not fade.In the water are beginning to multiply single-celled algae - dinoflagellates.Their red color is a protection from the sun's ultraviolet (we've already mentioned that over the region formed by the ozone hole).So, thanks to the abundance of microscopic algae, many marine organisms that act as filters of the ocean (oysters, etc.), Are toxic and their use in food leads to severe poisoning.
model confirmed
consider interesting fact confirming the reality of the degassing version.American researcher D. Walker carried out the work on the analysis of areas of the underwater ridge, causing it to come to the conclusion that during the appearance of El Niño sharply intensified seismic activity.But long been known that it is often accompanied by increased degassing subsoil.So, most likely, the scientists simply confused cause and effect.It turns out that changed the direction of the El Niño - is a consequence, not a cause of subsequent events.The benefit of this model is evidenced by the fact that in these years the water literally boils from the release of gases.
La Niña
so called final phase of El Niño, which resulted in a sharp cooling water.A natural explanation of this phenomenon - the destruction of the ozone layer over Antarctica and the equator, causing the melting of glaciers leading to the inflow of cold water in the Peru Current, which cools and El Niño.
root cause in space
media blamed El Niño floods in South Korea, unprecedented frosts in Europe, drought and fires in Indonesia, the destruction of the ozone layer, and so on. D. However, if we recall the fact that the said over - allonly the result of geological processes occurring in the bowels of the earth, then you should think about the root cause.She hides in the impact on the core of the planet's gravitational field of the Moon, the Sun, the planets of our system, as well as other celestial bodies.So blame El Niño is useless ...
