Philosophers like to talk about what the nature of revenge on people for casual attitude with him.Sometimes such phenomena as landslide, mudflow, landslide, declare acts to counter the world unreasonable human activity.Is it really?Why landslides?Let's look objectively.
Determination
According to the views of Academician K. Zaruba, landslide - is the process of a dramatic shift in the rocks, forming layers of the monolith, with respect to each other.That is, under certain conditions different breeds coupling disturbed.The particles of each layer of more interconnected than with the elements of another component part of the monolith.Visually it can be represented as a pyramid of ordinary toy cubes.If they are put on each other vertically, they stand still.When you start to "change the conditions of the experiment," for example tilt design, it can be destroyed.At the same time, each individual cube symbolizes the earth formation.Of course, everything in nature is much more difficult, but understand that the landslide - a phenomenon of displacement of rocks, this model allows.
Causes of landslides
In general, this phenomenon can be caused by both natural and man-made factors.Among the first is often called the action of groundwater.I must say that the landslide - is not a universal phenomenon.It can occur at any site.A prerequisite is the presence of certain species in the earth formations.
They are called unconsolidated, friable.They penetrate the ground water, causing their movement in the direction of flow.In some instances, the formation can begin to "crawl" relatively denser layers.Also, this phenomenon can be caused by an earthquake.And even a little excitement, no noticeable person sometimes becomes a destabilizing factor in the inner world of the earth.Among the reasons for the artificial, man-made origin often indicate reckless human activities.Thus, the construction of buildings in areas where the bulk or loose rock, creates a dangerous pressure on them.If the foundation under these unstable sloping strata, then eventually there is their natural offset by an external impact.It is also dangerous to the construction of roads in nonuniform slopes.It turns out that the landslide - it is not always a natural phenomenon.Unfortunately, it can be caused by simple human stupidity and mismanagement.
Classification
There are four types of landslides:
- block when the entire layers are displaced;
- splyvy - fast slipping deposits relatively more dense soil;
- small blocks - sloughing slopes in small pieces;
- downfalls.
All types of landslides still divided by the speed of passage.Some happen suddenly, sharply, with devastating (and not) consequences.But there are those who are slowly capturing large areas, almost appearing visually.Furthermore, landslides separated and time of exposure.So now researchers can study the effects of the disasters that occurred many years ago.
dangerous consequences of landslides
scientists studying the phenomenon, pointed out that it leads to a variety of losses.So, by their calculations, in the last century from the disaster caused by landslides, injuring at least one hundred thousand people.But that is not all.Often, this phenomenon leads to tangible losses of communications and facilities.Suffer almost all the buildings: water and gas pipelines, roads and buildings for various purposes.People have long steel to protect its economy from the effects of terrible times.To this end, strengthening the mountain slopes and ravines, planted trees, which can strengthen their layers of soil root system.Scientists are developing a large-scale and modern methods to prevent the dangerous consequences of landslides.
