wages, or, as it is called for short, the salary - the most important and costly element of economic resources, since it is the main, and in many, the only source of income.
Under socialism under the salary understand certain part of the total national income, which relied in cash to each employee for personal consumption, taking into account the distribution of labor law.This definition of a generation "roamed" from textbooks of political economy.
At the present time, the market economy is defined as the salary payment for work, the employer used, expressed in monetary terms.At the same time the concept of "work" has a very wide meaning, including both labor workers, create wealth, and labor spheres of creative workers, public service areas, etc.
modern economic theorists highlighted the real and nominal wages.Under the first refers to the amount of material and moral wealth that can be purchased for a nominal pay, there is the purchasing power of nominal wages.Nominal wages - is a payment, expressed in monetary terms, that is, simply put, is the amount of money that an employee earns over a certain period of work, or for work performed (also called piecework-bonus salary).During the percentage change in real wages can be traced by measuring the difference between the percentage change in the price level and the percentage change in nominal wages.Nominal wages are correlated with real wages, depending on the level of prices for goods and services.Not always pay at face value is directly proportional to the actual salary.During the economic crisis, the devaluation of the currencies is often nominal wage increases, thus increasing the rate of inflation, resulting in higher prices for goods and services, resulting in real wage decreases.
salary varies depending on various attributes, such as country of residence, region, activities, individuals.Demand only productive labor, respectively, than the productivity of labor is higher, the high demand it enjoys.In this case, with a high demand for labor and high productivity increases and the average real wage.In economically developed countries can be traced the relationship between real wages per hour and produces products for the hour.With the growth of labor productivity can grow and its real income.
nominal wages depends on the structure of the labor market.Nominal wage rate is directly proportional to the ratio of labor demand in the competitive market to its proposal.The greater the difference, the employer will have to pay a big salary, so that the employee refused other offers and went to work to him.And, accordingly, on the contrary, in excess of job offers, the employee will be forced to agree to the terms of the employer, which, accordingly, will reduce wages in order to reduce the costs of producing goods or services, thereby increasing profitability.For this reason, it is beneficial to entrepreneurs low wages.
The law states a lever to counter the monopoly of employers are the trade unions.In order to maintain the demand for labor, they have different requirements: the prohibition of labor migration, reducing working hours (a week), the restriction of minors and women (in certain sectors), etc.However, not all those requirements apply to salary increases.
