Can you remember when studying at school or college history?So whether it was interesting?Most likely, your answer will depend on how the material is presented your teacher.If it just makes you memorize certain date, it is not surprising that the story seemed to have "death by boredom."However, maybe it was not so, and your teacher could breathe life into historical science.When he talked about life in ancient Egypt, or in the days of Sparta, the historical narrative comes alive in the minds of inquisitive students.It seems to you that the historical figures just came to life in your mind?Well, if that was the case.What's the matter?Why approach a teacher may be so different from that of the other?The difference between a good teacher and a bad history is the same as the difference between a dry history and historiography.It turns out that historians tend to describe the stages of the event is much more lively.How does this happen?Let's find out.
What is historiography?
historiography - is, to put it simply, the presence of a complete systematic information that reveals the essence of a certain direction in history.You can give a simple example.Biblical historians - a collection of information gathered about the Jewish people of biblical times, the existence of relevant studies in the field of archeology, Hebrew language and accessible scientific discoveries;a clear system on the historical facts straight or evidence which are decorated thematically.
If we talk about this kind of research, as a science, while historiography - a discipline that studies the history and its direction.Historiography monitors the quality of research and its clear design.This includes the verification of the relevance of information for researchers, for which it was covered.According to the dictionary Ozhegova, historiography - the science trough history of the development of knowledge and the methods of historical research.
Origin historiography
Historiography - a method of study of the history, advanced Croce, thanks to which honey may see the connection history and philosophy.Why is there a need for this science?The fact that in addition to monitoring and recording facts, there is always a need to explain the events.And the views are known, people are different.Therefore, the correct perception of reality must necessarily affect the way as the story describes his point of view.Moreover, Croce attached great importance to the present.
As historical documents - often just a statement of a purely subjective point of view of the author, which may differ radically from reality that important as chronological, and the correct approach to the study.However, the two concepts can not be called opposites.Rather, they are two completely different point of view.Chronology presents only the facts, while the story - that's life.Chronicle lost in the past and the history of modern at all times.In addition, any pointless story turns into a banal history.According to Croce's history could not have come from the chronicles, as well as a living does not come from the dead.
philological history
What philological history?This approach, by which, for example, of several historical works, or books can get one.This method is called in Russian compilation - combining research and ideas of others without self-treatment of primary sources.In applying this approach man is no need to search through the mountain of books, but the final result obtained by such studies, virtually has no benefit.We get the bare facts, not always possible, reliable, but we lose the most important thing - a living history.So, the story is based on philology, may be true, but there is no truth.To apply this method can and want to convince others as well as themselves and that any document - is indisputable argument in favor of the truth.Thus, they are the drafters of history, seeking the truth within themselves, but are missing the most important thing.Such an approach can not affect the true development of historiography.
more thing about the origins of historiography
If we talk about what the Soviet historiography, or any other, it may be noted that before this term is understood what he meant, namely, "the story on the letter '(Graphos - letter).Subsequently, however, things have changed, and today the expression of this story see the story.Among those who stood at the origins of historiography can be called SM Solovyov, VOKljuchevskogo and Miliukov.They, like many others, was investigated as the assumptions based on the facts, and already proven system.By the end of the 19th century, scientists have developed a whole palette of scientific historical research.In addition to the above research, it can be called and others who clarified the importance of historiography as a science, and who described the process of forming a study of the past, using a scientific approach.As we said above, the higher philological historiography narrow view of the world.Rather, it is an attempt to recreate the world as it was hundreds or even thousands of years ago, the desire to get eye of thought in those ancient times, and even resurrect the life and experiences of people who lived long ago.
value historiography
The main objective historiography is a full understanding of both past and present, history as a science.Thanks to her, it is possible to determine in which direction will the story and make research more accurate.Due to the historiography of the opportunity to prepare a more experienced professionals in the field of history.
In fact, between science and practice would be a huge gap, if they were not bound historiography, which in theory makes the practical application.In addition, if a professional historian knows the origin of science, which he researches and teaches, it helps him to be a great professional in his field.
Modern attempts to expand the view of the historiography
In the past few decades, it made great efforts to it to bring a new look at the history of historical science.Among the published literature may be noted in particular the collection "Soviet historiography", 1996 edition, as well as the book "Russian historical science in the Soviet era" (2002).We should not be surprised of particular interest to historians in recent years, since it opens the way to a deeper study of history.
Russian historiography
Efforts aimed at better understanding the history of Russia - not a new idea.As the years passed, people have changed, and so have changed and approaches to learning.Earlier history studied more with the aim to discover the precedents of the past.However, at all times Russian historiography was formed under the influence of the philosophy of the times in which he lived researcher.Providentially, not associated with the true teachings of Scripture, in the Middle Ages served as the main engine of desire to understand the story.Then any event or incident attributed to God vmeshateltvu, ignoring the fact that the Bible clearly states: "The man dominates man to his injury."Thus Scripture indicates that for any turn of events in the history of responsible primarily people who produce them.Russian historiography has also passed through these are not based on facts, reasoning.
Presentation Slavs
Although today just do not know all the people's ideas that existed in the times of Kievan Rus, but by examining the facts, yet you can see that in those days there were many legends and songs, which reflect the views of the world of ancient Slavs.Their ideas about the world are radically different from today's.Although grain of truth, perhaps, they have, in general, no one would trust to treat such fads.You can, however, heed the words of one writer who named all Slavic songs, epics, tales and proverbs "the dignity and intelligence of the people."In other words, the people who wrote them, thought in the same way.
Over time, however, with the emergence of new historical facts and increase knowledge in the approach to the study of the history of science itself improved.With the emergence of new perspectives and the latest scientific writing sochneny story changed and the principles of its investigations have improved.
longstanding efforts to maintain the chronology
Reading the most ancient scientific works on history, we can see an interesting special feature - the story of some events usually begins with the dawn of time and zakanichalas the time in which he lived the author himself.For modern scholars are more important information, which the historian wrote about the time in which he lived, as this information is the most credible and reliable.The study of the works of different authors show that even then there was the difference between the views of different people on the same issues.So, different people often have a very different opinion about a particular historical event.
What have we learned?
Thus, we were able to plunge into the Middle Ages and see how strikingly different approaches to research, compared with our time.Could a brief look at what influenced the development of history as a science, and reviewed the scientific method than the flat really different from living a study that opens the door to the scientific approach, known today as historiography.Applying the knowledge gained in personal study, you will be able to make learning more interesting stories to themselves and others.The historiography of the Kievan Rus, or Russia historiography is now for you prolema.
