considering an excuse as the part of speech, it should be noted that this function word.It expresses the dependence of pronouns or nouns from other words in a sentence or phrase.
Why do you need an excuse?
may seem that prepositions, essentially out of context nothing is reported, it is absolutely not needed in the speech.However, it is worth trying to remove from the conversation, these little words like breaking a tie in the sentence.The phrase just fall apart like beads on a thread torn into individual components!Yes, and argue that prepositions do not carry any information at least ridiculous.For example, the sentence "The hospital is a bridge ..." without this non-independent parts of speech is absolutely not bear information.After the hospital, on the basis of incomplete information obtained due to lack of pretext, can be located under the bridge , and the bridge .So, especially if the bridge is quite large, this incomplete designation may do a disservice.And the reason for the error would be that the proposal is not an excuse.What part of speech, making speech more informative value, provides a link words in a sentence?Already in primary school students know the answer to this question.It is an excuse.As part of the speech, he is not an independent, but without the verb can not be combined with nouns and pronouns in some cases.
Contact words in a sentence
nouns and pronouns, which is an excuse to lean.The pretext of the speech as a service included in the question, which sets the type of connection between words.For example, in the sentence "Nikolai fishing on the river," observed the relationship between the verb "fishing" and the noun "on the river."The connection between them is determined by the way: fishing (where?) On the river or fishing (on what?) On the river .And in the sentence "The fish he folded in the tank" with the question, you can install the following structure: folded (where?) In the tank or folded (what?) In the tank .In determining the sentence, the preposition refers to the noun.And he is part of the issue, which is given to the minor sentence.Thus, as the official pretext of the speech can not act as a member of the offer proposals to it can not ask the question, it is not used separately from the noun or pronoun.
spatial relations that express prepositions
In each case the connection between words provided by changing the forms of nouns.Each possessive case run certain prepositions.Examples: running along the path running beside the track .That is, if the word is used in the instrumental case, use auxiliary part of speech "with", "under", "above", "close" and others.In different situations, different value prepositions.There are spatial semantic relations between the sentence: "The girls happily engaged on the bar."The pretext is part of declensional question: engaged (to what?) On the crossbar , where the preposition "to" is a very declensional question.Although it is possible to imagine this structure and thus: doing (where?) On the crossbar .
Temporary relationship expressed pretext
In the sentence "It was late in the afternoon," you can establish communication with the help of case issue: was (when?) The evening .And in a bid to "Valentine came home at half past four" temporal relations are established the question: back (when?) In the middle of the fifth .This relationship is in the phrase management provides an excuse.Independent part of speech - noun "half" - in this context, can be used with the word "in."But if you use the preposition "about", and change the very meaning of the statement, and deaths, which will be dependent verb word.Indeed, the phrase "Valentine returned home about half past four" is different from the original version.A preposition "about" put a noun in the genitive instead of the prepositional as it was in the first version.
Object semantic relations expressed pretext
In the sentence "In this paper wrote about a young cyclist who came to the finish line first" suschestvet connection between the words: wrote (for whom?) About cyclist .In the phrase of the speech as a pretext establishes between verbs and nouns object relationship.The verb phrase complement controls, standing in a prepositional case.
Object relations are also manifested in the use of the preposition "at" - "the athlete was bright enough equipment."Here the connection due to staging a noun in the genitive: was (who?), The athlete .There is the option of using the preposition "on" when setting the control word in the prepositional case.Example: "The boys laughed loudly over the fallen in the mud friend."In this embodiment, object relations are marked in the phrase laughed (at what?) Over the fallen .Here the object is not a noun, and the sacrament, which is in addition to and not in possession of a defined word.You can monitor the use of this type of semantic relationship of the preposition "of".For example, it is seen in the phrase "Cyclists recruited from children who live in the fifth district" where such a connection is shown in slovochetanii recruited (from whom?) Of children .
semantically course of action, expressed pretext
considering the sentence "The children enjoyed watching camel", you can establish a connection between predicate and complement.It will look like this: observed (how?) Is pleased or observed (with what sense?) Happy .The value of prepositions in phrases is great as a dependent control word verb can only be the case if the noun will be delivered in the correct case.
Relationship course of action may occur when using other pretexts.
causal semantic relations expressed pretext
The sentence "Due to the love of animals Tanya has arranged a real live house area, where the family lived guinea pigs" verb "arranged" controls the noun "because of love."Communication management is set with the issue (of what?) And looks like this: arranged (which is why? Why?) Because of love .
causal semantic relations can be established with the help of the preposition "of".For example, in the sentence "The rabbit was trembling with fear" in the phrase shaking (from what? Why?) Fear noun is in the genitive case.There may be a causal relationship, and by using the service of the speech "when."For example, in the sentence "for sunburn ointment should be applied special" in relation to used (why?) At a combustion communication is established by the preposition "at".Most often controlled glaglom word plays the role of circumstances.Causal relationships sometimes are set using the preposition "to".For example: "I was not at work because of illness."Here there is the connection management was not phrase (why?) Because , which demonstrates a causal relationship.
Target semantic relations expressed pretext
The proposal "Natalya for pleasure involved in floriculture," the verb "take" the governing noun "for fun" with the question (why? Why?).Between these words set the target semantic relationship.
This relationship can be traced to the use case and other pretexts, such as those acts "with".An example of this can be a sentence: "Victoria bought a laptop with a view to use it to work," - where trust relationships can be traced twice: bought (why? Why?) To and use (how? Why?) To work.In the first case, the connection control is determined by using the preposition "with", and there is already considered the second option with "for".
non-derivative and derivative prepositions
origin of these function words splits them into two large groups.-Derivative prepositions are those which have been formed by other parts of speech.These are through, in, on, to, without, between, for, over, under and other.The derivatives were due to the transition of independent parts of speech in the prepositions.They were formed from adverbs, gerunds and nouns.
- known, for example, such derivatives in the Russian language prepositions as in the case, provided consideration using, due .They came by the transition to a different part of speech from nouns.
- Otnarechnymi pretexts are the words that appeared on the dialects.For example, those are the words after, along, by, about, away from, toward .By
- transition gerunds in prepositions appeared like apart, since, in spite of, later, later.
just an excuse - the separation of the composition
are divided representatives of the official part of speech into two groups on the basis of the number of members of her words.For example, prepositions emit simple, consisting of a single word: between in on from under near .Examples of their use may serve as suggestions:
- grown on special farms crocodiles.
- Of the reptiles then make luxury handbags, belts, shoes.
In the first case, the connection management can be seen in the phrase grown (where? To what?) On farms using the preposition "to".Between words, there spatial relationships.In the second version, you can see the control of the verb - noun in the form of communion do (from whom?) Of reptiles by the preposition "of".These relations are characterized as object.
prepositions complex
Complex prepositions consist of two or three words.For example, these are due to despite unlike other.Examples of their use:
- Despite failing eyesight, Natalia continued to sit at night for checking notebooks.
- In connection with the advent of fifty-five years, Mary went to the city for the purpose of registration of pension.
- Unlike the rich daughter of a merchant Malakhov, Nastasya had no dowry, no future.
Thus, we can conclude that the preposition as part of the speech can not be used without other words - nouns, participles, adjectives.Also, they can not be members of the proposal, they can not be asking a question.However, being part of the official speeches, the pretexts in a bid to play an important role.
