Over the past few years in the Russian Federation due to the large-scale river flooding have been many major disasters.In addition to considerable material damage, the element even claimed lives.Regular news bulletins, aired the central TV channels were full of words and terms that are understandable only to weather forecasters.What is a flood and how it could be dangerous?The answer to this question knows not every citizen of our country.
definition of flood and its main causes
So, what is a flood?The definition of this term is quite simple, it is the highest level of the river at certain times of the year, and repeated from season to season, that is, having a certain regularity, which can be predicted in advance, subject to minor fluctuations.The term "flood" is the antonym - "low water" that comes on the river during the dry season, and also quite dangerous for the surrounding nature.
In fact, few know what a flood, it is also necessary to understand its causes.Scientists in this issue decided to allocate two basic directions:
- flood due to snow melting.It is typical for rivers in mountainous regions, usually runs from late February to mid-July.
- flood due to certain weather conditions (rain feeding the river).The situation of this nature is most clearly illustrated by floods in the Far East.
In some cases, these two reasons may be interlinked.The rivers, the water level of which depends on snowmelt to predict even in the winter.Thus, experts consider characteristics such as snow depth, the degree of soil freezing and more.
Experienced people know what a flood of the river.Under certain conditions unpleasant it may lead to flooding, significant flooding of the surrounding area near the reservoir.Most often such situations occur in Russia in the Primorsky and Krasnodar regions, the rivers Yenisei and Lena Oka.
It is necessary not only to understand what a flood, it is important to know how to act during its occurrence.If your home is in a potential danger zone, the first thing need to be collected, and always be at hand.These include documents, mobile phone, money, a minimum of warm clothing and food, essential drugs.Make sure in advance is necessary to provide an evacuation plan, and remember to take care of a raft or materials for its creation of an emergency.During heavy flooding or flooding is prohibited to overcome the water to swim in its level of more than 1 meter above the ground.In the case of an audible distress is necessary to act calmly but without delay, any delay could pose a potential danger to life and health of residents at risk.
What to do during heavy floods?
leaving the house, if possible, perform the following steps to ensure the safety of their property:
- turn off the electricity;
- off gas;
- much as possible to consolidate all of the major subjects;
- values, which is not possible to take home with them, remove the upper shelves, attics, closets blind closed previously tightly sealed;
- windows and doors closed with boards, grilles.
When emergency evacuation during floods follow the basic rule - listen to rescue the crew of the team.
What to do after the withdrawal of the water?
Knowing and understanding what the flood, what could be its scope, be careful, and after the withdrawal of water.So, returning to buildings, especially homes, ensure their continuity and the possibility of collapse.Do not turn on the light in the house, do not use gas, as long as you make sure the integrity of basic communications.Before entering the room should be thoroughly clean and dry, broken things to throw, just as all the products that are inside a flooded apartment.
The dangerous floods in the spring?
What spring flood, how it differs from the usual increase in water level in the river, what is dangerous?Typically, it begins in the moment when the reservoir may be in small quantities ice.Despite the visual strength, he was very thin and does not withstand the slightest load.Special attention in this case should be given to small children, who love to indulge in the vicinity of rivers and ponds.
