If the Soviet leaders know what accounting and analysis of bankruptcies, the collapse of the centrally planned economy and the collapse of the Soviet Union could have been avoided.The fact that until the early 90-ies in the Soviet Union there was a huge number of companies that produce competitive goods, wasteful use dedicated resources, suffered losses, abusing public financing and debt relief.The concept of insolvency or bankruptcy of the enterprise, it was not acceptable, since cast a shadow on the central leadership, pointing to their incompetence in the management of financial and economic activities of enterprises, industries and the economy as a whole.
For this reason, the transition to the free economic relations in Russia is characterized by the massive devastation of former state-owned companies, and "prihvatizatsii" supposedly unprofitable, devalued and abandoned to the mercy of creditors enterprises.Only by the end of the decade, with the help of legal norms of construction of the bankruptcy mechanism, managed to settle the relations of the debtor with the creditors, with the possibility of preserving the property of the enterprise and restore its economy.Accounting and analysis of failures were the main methods of control and diagnostics of insolvency.It allows you to take the necessary measures for the improvement of financial and economic activities of the organization.
In modern Russia, in a series of global crises, the shortage of funds, when the banking system raises the cost of credit, bankruptcy analysis and support its solvency remains an urgent and essential task for his leadership.At such times, because of financial problems can be both properly chosen strategy of the company in a highly competitive and independent of management action causes including political and economic instability of the state and society, the development of scientific and technological progress, the emergence of new products.
Bankruptcy (insolvency) - recognized by the public authority debtor's inability to meet the full requirements of organizations of creditors under liabilities;the procedure applicable to the debtor, aimed at assessment of its financial and economic situation, development of measures for its improvement and, if the application of such measures would be deemed impossible - to just meet the financial interests of the creditors of the insolvent enterprise.
On the one hand, the bankruptcy - a phenomenon that is able to improve the economy of individual enterprises and the economy as a whole, through natural selection and the elimination of inefficient, uncompetitive enterprises or their restructuring.On the other hand, bankruptcy - is a set of social problems associated with the reduction and dismissal of staff, termination of support for the social sphere, as well as with the emergence of crime and corruption in the process of redistribution of property.
Analysis bankruptcy - an assessment of the probability of failure by examining the structure of the company balance sheet, calculation of liquidity, profitability and financial stability.This assessment aims to make a decision on liquidation, reorganization or new businesses.To monitor the implementation of decisions of bankruptcy proceedings organized records of financial transactions in accordance with applicable law.
Accounting and analysis of failures, in accordance with the law, includes the following steps liquidation and reorganization proceedings :
1) Observation .It determines the state of solvency of the enterprise at the time the court a statement from the debtor's insolvency
2) Financial recovery .Measures are restoring the solvency of the company.
3) External control .Assigned external manager, a representative of the lender, designed to quickly restore the financial and economic condition of the debtor.
4) Bankruptcy proceedings .Stops all economic activities of the debtor, estimated property held inventory and made payments to creditors.
Do not forget that the recording and analysis of failures, though an important factor supporting the sustainable development of a competitive economy, but still remains very negative development for the social sphere in the modern world.
