history of the Russian state has its roots in ancient times.And from there we came to our speech many sayings.Because to this day, we remember the king of peas, Trishka his caftan, "all Ivanovo."And here is another idiom, however, a little less as used now, but very, very interesting.
Definition expression
This expression - "forbidden years".Like his contemporary understanding native speakers?Referring to the distant past.16th century, the era of the reign of Ivan the Terrible.It was at this time and there were "forbidden years".In 1581 Grozny conducting the census.On the one hand, he is motivated by a desire to consolidate their power at the expense of loyal nobles, presenting them to the treasury, the land shall villages with the peasants.On the other - in 70-80 years, Russia's economy has fallen greatly.And threatening to reveal the extent of the damage is important.That's when the tsarist government, according to his instructions, and start entering forbidden years.This is nothing like the ban farmers to move away from one landlord to another host.According Sudebnik 1497, after the end of field work in the St. George's Day (26 November), the peasants might escape from a particularly evil masters to other, more humane.Decree "forbidden years" deprived them of the opportunity.Starting Ivan in the enslavement of the people continued Fyodor Ivanovich, the ban in the years 1592-93 separation of peasants from their villages.By the way, on the basis of this event was born and the exclamation: "Take that, Grandma, and St. George's Day!ยป
Etymology
So the unofficial year of the introduction of the protected age - 1581. Official - 1592. The name of the concept associated with the word "Commandment ", meaning" law "," covenant "," prescription "," compulsory execution. "Interestingly, historians have not found in the chronicles, letters and other documents of the era of Ivan the Terrible selected texts about the "forbidden years" - those years when the inhabitants of rural areas, subservient nobility, selects an opportunity to go to another village or town.Researchers are only known references to royal decrees.But why do they believe that the official introduction of protected years, due to the very end of the 16th century - from the years 1592-93?And all because after that date have not found even a reference to the decree.
Strengthening serfdom
that eventually all of this mean?Firstly, thanks to the "scribe books", ie. E. The census, there was a more or less detailed, clear picture of the peasants in the state of residence.This has contributed not only to restore order in the country, but also gave rise to strengthen the feudal regime.Peasants could now ascribe to the permanent place of residence according to the information received, and if someone fled from the landowner, it was easy to install, to whom it belonged.Thus officially established aristocratic owners of the castle, there was a legal basis for fixing the commoners lords.In the end, the rules protected years have become generally accepted.And the concept is gradually gone into oblivion, remaining only as an image, a popular expression.And now, it is perceived as a synonym of something ancient, of the ancient, as the opposite of today.
