history of computer networks originates from the time a person needs to understand the union of computing and other capabilities of several computers to work together on large amounts of information, as well as storage, processing and transmission of large amounts of data.Characteristics of computer networks can carry a variety of information, but perhaps the most important components, which include the basic concepts of computer networks for the construction of which will be discussed below, are the products of interworking.
Pursuing such a complex issue as the basic concepts of computer networks just need to know.Without this knowledge network will never function as it is necessary, and this entails a huge loss of time and resources of the enterprise.
So, the basic concepts of computer networks - means of interworking.It is worth noting that the wounds of these devices is one of the fastest growing.The main purpose funds interworking is to provide a link between users, united into a huge and often distributed over a wide area network.
Networks basic concepts include six kinds of products, implementing interworking.
Repeaters
hardware device called a repeater, which operates at the physical layer of the OSI model and enables bundling a pair of segments one network.
Hubs
main purpose is to perform tasks hub assemblies, which provide the connection each autonomous network device and segment.There are several types of concentrators represented passive, active and intelligent.
Bridges
This term designated funds, which are designed for transmission of data packets between two networks.Bridges make possible a situation where programs and protocols are considering the combined network as a whole.In addition to the data, the bridges can be made of their filtering.
Routers With routers made logical connection required separate networks.This united networks use the same protocol.It is clear that the routers - a protokolozavisimye device, which must be endowed with the ability to maintain certain routing protocols.The presence of the routers in the network enables the presence of multiple paths packet.Furthermore router - a "smart" device that can determine the optimal path of each packet from a broad list of possible routes.
Gateways
The most common definition of a "gateway" considers this concept to any hardware or software package designed to combine a pair of disparate systems.In this sense, it can be considered the gateway communication server or server access.
The fact that the work is different gateways "multilevel" sets them apart from routers, bridges and repeaters that can operate on only one level of the hierarchy (this can be a network, channel, or physical layer, respectively).Furthermore routers, bridges, repeaters are not able to perform data conversion.
Switches Switch - a device whose main purpose is to redirect input to one output.For example, the input switch receives data packets, and its output is connected to an Ethernet bus.In this embodiment, the device will be called switch Ethernet
The switch must be present means of organizing the necessary connections, as well as tools to convert input information into the correct format of the output.
