legislative act, or the Manifesto of October 17 of 1905, which was developed by the government and signed by Emperor Nicholas II, is still a matter of controversy.Why
created the Manifesto?
beginning of the twentieth century was turbulent and malopredskazuemy due to major changes in the state and society.The country's economy because of the abolition of serfdom lost free labor.On the other hand - the unskilled labor of serfs are not allowed to move quickly in industrial production and a market economy.The economy was crumbling before our eyes.From a prosperous state under the leadership of a very weak Russian Emperor Nicholas II became dependent on external debt, starving country.The people took to the streets.Small riots gaining strength gradually becoming similar to the genuine revolutionary action."Bloody Sunday" was the impetus for mass protests, which began to control and train opposition activists.For the first time during the October performances began to be calls for the overthrow of the autocratic power of the emperor.Demanded decisive actions of the authorities.In such conditions, it was developed Manifesto of October 17 1905.
reaction of the king and the government mass demonstrations
More than two million people went on strike in October, during the peak of the People's Armed performances.Please use force against the revolutionaries, then a wave of mutually royal decrees, which further angered the masses.The people were then even more powerless than serfdom, and deprived of any opportunity to express their wishes to be heard.Back in May 1905 was an attempt to limit the power of the emperor and to share his powers with the Duma.The king did not sign this document.Under the pressure of revolutionary events, and Nicholas II, and the government, Witte had to return to the document.Stop the massacre, bloodshed, mass protests the Emperor and the government decided with the help of the Manifesto, which was Witte SY and signed Nicholas II.
Value Manifesto October 17, 1905 is enormous - it is Russia must first significant change in the government, which replaced the monarchy constitutional monarchy.
what to talk about a historical document?
document, known in history as the "Manifesto of the improvement of public order", signed October 17, 1905 the Russian autocrat Nicholas II, was supposed to bring positive changes to the state.Manifesto of October 17, 1905 granted:
- resolution on freedom of conscience, expression, association and assembly, which immediately gave rise to many political movements and protest groups.
- Admission to the selection of different segments of the population, regardless of social status and material condition, which was the beginning of a democratic society.
- mandatory approval by the State Duma of the various laws issued by the state.Emperor from that moment ceased to be the sole ruler of Russia and the legislator, as his power to control the Duma.
However Manifesto October 17, 1905, the contents of which have been advanced for the start of the twentieth century, did not change fundamentally the situation in the country.
Final innovations October statute
This Manifesto October 17, 1905 was able to halt the revolutionary movement, but Russian society, it soon became clear that this is a bone thrown hungry.Actual changes followed.They were only on paper.The emergence of a modern legislative body, which was interested in the opinion of the people, demotion emperor in legislation and certain freedoms given the opportunity to organize a huge number of opposition movements and parties.
But the lack of coordination and priorities of the party, a lot of ideological appeals of the various prospective areas in overcoming the economic crisis is still dragged the country down.Nicholas II retained the right to dissolve the Duma, so proclaimed by the Manifesto of October 17, 1905, and his ideas have not received the necessary development, but only made the situation even more unmanageable.
historical consequences
Thanks preserved the correspondence and diaries of Nicholas II to witnesses many events became known to us.Once signed the Manifesto of October 17 1905 SYWitte showed inaction, the government has not been able to normalize the situation in the country.It was established normal situation of the struggle for a place under the sun.Speeches eloquence impressed, but did not contain the solutions to overcome the crisis.But the main thing - no one wanted to take on full responsibility for further action on the governance of the country, legislative changes and effective economic reforms.The principle criticism of the emperor on the sidelines and at balls without a fundamental solution to the problem has become habitual.Leadership qualities that would end the crisis, no one had.The centuries-old tradition of autocracy established at that stage personality, able to replace the Emperor, at least partially.
Government actions and SYWitte
Witte, who had to order the executions of protesters instead of the proclamation of democratic reforms, wanted the blood of all revolutionaries, and instead of making positive suggestions to the state turned into an executioner.But no matter how called Manifesto October 17, 1905, this document was a turning point in the history of the state system and the centuries-old traditions of Russia.Actions of the emperor is difficult to assess unambiguously.
Manifesto of October 17, 1905 played a significant role in history as the only way to restore stability in the country and to ensure that the lower classes minimal civil rights.
