Most of the information about the history of ancient chronicles taken from us.This genre of the Old Russian literature was and still is a major source of historical data of modern science, along with archaeological findings.Of particular interest to the researchers is Hypation Chronicle.Why is that?Let us examine together.
chronicles
The name "Chronicle" speaks for itself - writing event in years, years.The authors were mostly monks, which summarizes the essence of the main events taking place.In the period of feudal fragmentation, each princely house was its own set, which also was given a certain interpretation of what is happening in the interests of the ruling dynasty.The first chroniclers in Russia appeared in the eleventh century.The oldest, extant works in this genre - "Chronicle of Bygone Years", written around 1113 about a monk Lavra Nestor.
Historians have found several dozen sets of similar events.The most famous and ancient ones are the Laurentian Chronicle and Hypation Chronicle.Body of work is considered, including a census of earlier sources, which have been supplemented by recent developments.For example, "Chronicle of Bygone Years" is included in most codes of the late period as the beginning of the story.
Nakhodka Karamzin
In the 19th century Russian historian Karamzin discovered in the archives of the Ipatiev Monastery near Kostroma Chronicle.It has been dated to the 14th century.Its name - Hypation Chronicle - was finding the place.Along with Laurentian vault it is one of the oldest.Its peculiarity is that, apart from the usual inclusion of narrative Nestor, he has a detailed history of the events of the reign of the principality of Kiev Rurik Rostislavovich and Galicia-Volyn land before the end of the 13th century.It is a unique material for studying the history of ancient southwestern lands after the beginning of feudal fragmentation and the establishment of the Mongol rule.
How to read the text?
Introduction to ancient chronicles possible for a wide range of readers.First, over 150 years ago it published Complete Collection of Russian Chronicles.Secondly, at the moment most of them are available online.Of course, they are processed in accordance with the modern Russian language.Ipatiev chronicle, a translation of which was done also in the Ukrainian language is also available for anyone.Some of its parts exist in English.But if you still have the desire to read the annals of the original, then you need to learn, at least, the Old Slavonic.Material scanned and posted online.
Content Ipatyevsky set
The generally accepted allocation of three parts under consideration set.First Chronicle of Ipatiev list for all other traditional - a "Tale of Bygone Years".Although there exist some differences, specification data, which no other vaults.This proves that the place had been the creation of the southern Russian lands, where the author had access to a set of documents and archives, and can specify the necessary information.
second part is called Kiev.Much attention is paid to it in the reign of Prince Rostislav Ryuryuka home.Presumably, the abbot of the monastery was Vydubitsky author of this part of the set of "Hypation Chronicle."
Ukraine, more precisely, Galicia-Volyn Rus, in the thirteenth century is represented in the third part of the arch.This part is different from the previous ones.In the original, she did not even have a traditional listing dates that seem to have been put down when copying later.Let us dwell on the last two parts.
Kiev chronicle
It is ironic sounds, but also a chronicle of Kiev vault chroniclers several princes who ruled in Kiev.The twelfth century was quite difficult for the land.Continuously there was a struggle for the throne between Monomakh and Olegovichy.This trend is visible not only in the capital city, but also in other lands.The descendants of Monomakh moved to the northeast, winning it unlimited power and Olegovichy remained in the south, threatened the Polovtsian raids.
In 1185 there was a sad Igor's campaign in the steppe, described in the "Lay."Attitude to it quite the opposite in the Laurentian and Ipatiev Chronicle.The latter shows more sympathy and indulgence to the failed attempt to rid the Russian Igor land from enemies.The roof of the north-eastern lands Igor condemned for arrogance, for what did not wait help from the brothers.Some researchers believe that the beginning of the Kiev chronicle put in Chernigov and Pereyaslavl under Prince Rostislav.It was from there the details of the life of the southern principalities.
About Galicia-Volyn Rus
Galich and Volyn, the western borders of Kievan Rus had significant features in development.On the nuances of the political struggle, the international connections with 1205 by 1292 we read in the Ipatiev Chronicle.It should be noted that the drafters of the last part were educated people of his time, as used earlier Greek and ancient sources.The information they got from the reports of ambassadors, princes charters war stories.Through this arch, we have a detailed description of the Battle of the Kalka and consequences of the invasion of Batu in the south-western Russia.We hope it is now clear that describes Hypation Chronicle and why it is interesting how the townsfolk, and professional historians.
