chemical bond formation involves a process of redistribution of electron density, originally belonging to different atoms.Due to the fact that the electrons are externally associated with the core less durable, and they perform a fundamental role in the formation of compounds.The amount of bonds, which is formed when an atom of compounds called valence.Accordingly, participating in the formation of the electronic connection are called valence electrons.In terms of energy, there are atoms of different sustainability.The most stable is the one who at the external level there are two or eight electrons (the maximum amount).This level will then be complete.Such complete a level characteristic of the atoms contained in the noble gases.Therefore, under normal conditions, they are in a state of a monatomic gas, chemically inert.
to atoms of other elements characteristic of unfinished levels.When a chemical reaction takes place the completion of levels of external order.This is due to the impact of electrons or accession, as well as through the formation of common pairs.Thus, formed covalent and ionic bond.The properties of the atoms at the same time appear in their quest to acquire the electronic stability of the external value.It will be either a two-electron or vosmielektronnoy.This pattern is considered to be the basis of theories of chemical bonding.
Formation connection is accompanied by discharge of a sufficiently large amount of energy.In other words, education is carried out due to exotherm.This is due to the fact that there are new particles (molecules) that normally possess greater stability.
Electronegativity is one of the main indicators of the emerging nature of the communication.This feature is the ability of atoms to attract electrons from other atoms.
electrostatic attraction between the ion - ion is a chemical bond.Such an interaction is possible between the atoms with a sharply different electronegativity.The ionic bond forms corresponding ionic compounds.They consist solely of individual molecules in the vapor state.The ionic bond in the compounds of the crystalline (solid) state involves the interaction of ions (positive and negative) arranged regularly.In this case, the molecule missing.
compounds, which are characterized by ionic bond, form the main elements of the subgroups of groups 1,2,6,7.Such compounds are relatively few.These include, for example, should include inorganic salts (NH4Cl), saltlike organic compound (amine salts, etc.).
non-polar covalent and ionic bond are the two extremes of the distribution of electron density.For the first is characterized by an even distribution between identical particles (atoms), relations between the two electron cloud.In the same context, the ionic electron cloud belongs almost entirely to one of the atoms.However, most of the interaction of the compounds are at an intermediate level.In other words, they form a polar covalent bond.
interaction that occurs through the formation of shared electron pair is covalently.Covalent bond, which appeared due to the interaction of atoms with different electronegativity considered polar.The electron density of the bonding electron pair is shifted to the atom, which eletkrootritsatelnost more.As examples molecules such as H2S, NH3, H2O, and others.In these compounds, the appearance of covalent (polar and non-polar) connection due to unpaired electrons bind atoms.
