This branch of physics as mechanics, has been studying the interaction and movement of bodies.The main feature of the motion is to move in space.But the very moving for different observers will be different - this is the relativity of mechanical motion.Standing on the side of the road and watching the moving car, we see that he or approaching us, or removed, depending on the direction of motion.
Watching the movement of the machine, we determine how the distance between the observer and the vehicle.At the same time, if we sit in the car and in front of us will be at the same speed to move another vehicle, the front will be perceived as standing in place, asthe distance between the machine does not change.From the point of view of an observer standing on the side of the car is moving, from the point of view of the passenger - the vehicle is stationary.
This suggests that each observer estimated movement on their own, ie,the relativity of mechanical motion is determined by the point from which the observation is carried out.Therefore, to accurately determine the motion of the body is necessary to select a point (the body), from which traffic will be assessed.Here involuntarily there is an idea that such an approach to the study of movement makes it difficult to understand.So I want to find some point, under the supervision of which the movement would be "absolute" and not relative.
studying the relativity of motion, physics and tried to find a solution to this problem.Scientists, using concepts such as "rectilinear uniform motion" and "speed of the body," trying to determine how the body will move relative to the observer, with different speed.As a result, it was found that the result of observation depends on the ratio of the velocities of the body and the observer from each other.If the speed of the body more, it is deleted if it is less, then it is approaching.
For all calculations the formulas of classical mechanics, connecting speed, distance and time in uniform motion.The following conclusion: the relative mechanical motion - it is a concept that involves the same time for each observer.These scientists formula called Galilean transformations.He was the first in classical mechanics formulated the concept of relative motion.
physical meaning of the Galilean transformations are extremely deep.According to classical mechanics, its formula act not only on Earth but throughout the universe.The following conclusion from this - the space of the same (homogeneous) throughout.And once the motion equally in all directions, the space has the properties of isotropic, ie,its properties are the same in all directions.
Thus, it turns out that the most simple mechanical phenomena, rectilinear uniform motion and the concept of the relativity of mechanical motion, to be an extremely important finding (or hypothesis): the concept of "time" is one for all, ie,it is universal.Also, it follows that the space is isotropic and homogeneous, and Galilean transformations are valid throughout the universe.
Here are some unusual findings obtained from roadside surveillance of the passing cars, as well as attempts by the formulas of classical mechanics, connecting speed, path and time to find the explanation of what he saw.The simple concept of "relativity of mechanical movement," it turns out, can lead to global conclusions affecting the basis for understanding the universe.
material concerns questions of classical physics.The questions related to the relative mechanical motion and the conclusions that follow from this notion.
